This paper describes the INEX 2003 participation of the Language & Inference Technology group of the University of Amsterdam. We participated in all three of the tasks, content-only, strict contentand-structure and vague content-and-structure. Our main strategic lines were to find the appropriate units of retrieval and to mix evidence from several layers in the XML hierarchy.

Uncertainty, like imprecision and vagueness, has gained considerable attention the last decade. To this extend we present a preliminary report on extending the Rule Markup Language (RuleML) with fuzzy set theory, in order to be able to represent and handle vague knowledge. We also provide semantics for the case of fuzzy FOL RuleML.

Fuzzy Description Logics (fuzzy DLs) have been proposed as a language to describe structured knowledge with vague concepts. A major theoretical and computational limitation so far is the inability to deal with General Concept Inclusions (GCIs), which is an important feature of classical DLs. In this paper, we address this issue and develop a calculus for fuzzy DLs with GCIs.

Description Logic Programs (DLPs), which combine the expressive power of classical description logics and logic programs, are emerging as an important ontology description language paradigm. In this study, we present fuzzy DLPs, which extend DLPs by allowing the representation of vague/imprecise information.

Fuzzy Description Logics (fuzzy DLs) have been proposed as a language to describe structured knowledge with vague concepts. A major theoretical and computational limitation so far is the inability to deal with General Concept Inclusions (GCIs), which is an important feature of classical DLs. In this paper, we address this issue and develop a calculus for fuzzy DLs with GCIs.

We seek to show that some properties of vague scalar adjectives are consequences of rational communication. Theories of vagueness are usually directed at a cluster of traditional philosophical desiderata: how vagueness fits into a theory of truth (or metaphysics), the sorites, and related issues. These are important, and we will have more to say about some of them, but we also seek to refocus t...