The three major vacuum systems serving the two-mile accelerator, the optical alignment system light pipe, and the beam switchyard (BSY) transport vacuum chambers are located as shown in Fig. 23-1. The accelerator vacuum system must maintain a very high vacuum in the accelerator to prevent RF electrical breakdown and electron scatter. Thirtytwo subsystems evacuate the accelerator to a design pre...

The switching behavior of vacuum switches (VS) is different to that of other circuit breakers. There are several effects which have to be taken into account, for example the current chopping, the dielectric strength of vacuum gap, the arc voltage, the quenching capability of high frequency currents, virtual current chopping and prestrikes. In some earlier investigations the characteristics of v...

AIMS To determine the utility of vacuum-packed polythene bags as a convenient, flexible and cost-effective alternative to fixed volume glass vessels for lab-scale silage studies. METHODS AND RESULTS Using perennial ryegrass or red clover forage, similar fermentations (as assessed by pH measurement) occurred in glass tube and vacuum-packed silos over a 35-day period. As vacuum-packing devices ...

Among the renewable sources of energy, solar energy offers a practical solution for the energy problem which is clouding the prospects of mankind. The present paper deals with the experimental investigation of parameters of a solar parabolic trough in winter conditions and to obtain optimum process parameters by Grey Relational Analysis. The experiments were planned using Taguchi’s L9 orthogona...

The extremely rapid reflection of a shock wave from the end wall generated in tube, addition to high-frequency content pressure, inevitably also excites mechanical vibrations. These can potentially produce acceleration-induced spurious signals as part dynamic output pressure measurement system being calibrated. This paper proposes and evaluates method for correcting frequency response obtained ...

Different levels of claw vacuum during machine milking may influence milking performance and teat condition. The claw vacuum acts on the teat and is responsible for removal and transport of milk but is also causing potential effects on the teat tissue. In the absence of milk flow, the claw vacuum is similar as the system vacuum. During milk flow, the claw vacuum drops to lower levels depending ...

A 73-year-old patient underwent pyloruspreserving pancreatic head resection due to a branch-duct type intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. At Day 7, repeat laparotomy was performed because of elevated amylase concentrations in the abdominal drains. During the procedure, signs of pancreatitis were observed but no pancreaticogastrostomy leak was seen. Drains provided continuous irrigation. At...

Currently, there are a number of light-shining-through-walls experiments searching for hidden photons – light, sub-eV-scale, abelian gauge bosons beyond the standard model which mix kinetically with the standard photon. We show that in the case that one of these experiments finds evidence for hidden photons, laser communications through matter, using methods from free-space optics, can be reali...