despite the consensus of jurists (fokaha) in safe custody of property (haraz) as one of the punishable conditions when the theft happens, some jurists made an exception in bird case. it means that stealing the bird would not subject to punishment namely cut off the thief's hand, even if the bird was in safe custody.  many of  fokaha, however,  believe that if the bird is in safe custody, t...

Workflow Management Systems have proven their positive effects in well-structured procedures. In practice business processes depend on implicit knowledge and require decisions based on unclear objectives. This vagueness of real-world problems isn’t appropriately supported by modelling methods and workflow systems so far. Today the fuzzy set theory is used successfully in systems that provide so...

The study of inference techniques and their use for solving complicated models has taken off in recent years, but as the models we attempt to solve become more complex, there is a worry that our inference techniques will be unable to produce results. Many problems are difficult to solve using current approaches because it takes too long for our implementations to converge on useful values. Whil...

This paper reviews Bayesian Nonparametric methods and discusses how parametric predictive densities can be constructed using nonparametric ideas.

some applications are critical and must designed fault tolerant system. usually voting algorithm is one of the principle elements of a fault tolerant system. two kinds of voting algorithm are used in most applications, they are majority voting algorithm and weighted average algorithm these algorithms have some problems. majority confronts with the problem of threshold limits and voter of weight...

abstract the purpose of present research was to determinate effectiveness of inference-based therapy on reduction of obsession and compulsion symptoms. thirty women who had received diagnosis of ocd by clinical interview (scid) were placed with randomization in experimental and control (wait list) groups. participants completed yale-brown obsessive compulsive scale(y-bocs) and inferential confu...