an on-line uv-hplc / apci-ms (atmospheric pressure chemical ionization) tandem by a platinium c18 column with an isocratic solvent system after optimizing was applied to the separation and the identification of different carotenoids including astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, apocarotenoic ester, torularhodin and beta carotene. this method was used to identify particular carotenoids produced by newly...

reactions of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ros) with biological molecules in vivo play an important physiological role in many diseases. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) is a stable free radical and often used as a routine reagent to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of an antioxidant. this study was undertaken to investigate the free radical-scavenging and antioxidant activiti...

collagen is the major protein component of cartilage, bone, skin and connective tissue and constitutes the major part of the extracellular matrix. collagen type i has complex structural hierarchy, which consists of treepolypeptide α-chains wound together in a rod-like helical structure. collagen is an important biomaterial, finding many applications in the field of tissue engineering. it has be...

Photomorphogenic responses triggered by low fluence rates of ultraviolet B radiation (UV-B; 280-315 nm) are mediated by the UV-B photoreceptor UV RESISTANCE LOCUS8 (UVR8). Beyond our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of UV-B perception by UVR8, there is still limited information on how the UVR8 pathway functions under natural sunlight. Here, wild-type Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ...

This paper examines the effects of some key operating parameters of UV sources on the curing of various UV inks, coatings and adhesives. The effects of peak UV wavelength and peak intensity are quantitatively evaluated using FT-IR. The data are helpful in guiding both formulators, raw material suppliers and end users to better understand the impact of the UV sources, especially UV LED sources, ...

Although ultraviolet radiation is potentially harmful, it is an important component of terrestrial radiation to which plants have been exposed since invading land. Since then, plants have evolved mechanisms to avoid and repair UV radiation damage. Therefore, it is not surprising that photomorphogenic responses to UV-B and UV-C are often assumed to be adaptations to harmful radiation. Most of th...

The fact that birds are sensitive to ultraviolet light (UV, 320–400 nm) has been largely ignored by previous studies of aposematism. Therefore, in the present article we investigated whether great tits preferred ultraviolet-reflecting colors compared to colors without UV reflection and whether UV cues alone could function as aposematic signals. We were able to manipulate prey visibility in UV l...

Ultraviolet (UV) signals are used in female mate choice in numerous taxa; however, the role of UV signals in male contests remains relatively unexplored. We experimentally reduced throat UV of free-ranging lizards (Platysaurus broadleyi) to test whether UV acts as a signal of fighting ability during male contests. We found that UV-reduced males were more likely to be challenged than control mal...