data envelopment analysis (dea) is a technique based on mathematical programming for evaluating the efficiency of homogeneous decision making units (dmus). in this technique, inefficient dmus are projected onto the frontier, which was constructed by the best performers. centralized resource allocation (cra) is a method in which all dmus are projected onto the efficient frontier through solving ...

this research presents a mathematical model for the optimal allocation of oil and gas to different sectors in iran using operations research techniques. sectors are residential, commercial, transportation, industries, agriculture, exports, injection to oil reservoirs and power plants as a secondary energy producer. optimal allocation of energy resources to end-users from 2011 to 2021 has been d...

The effective cost management during the conceptual design phase of a product is essential to develop a product with minimum cost and desired quality. The integration of the methodologies of quality function deployment (QFD), value engineering (VE) and target costing (TC) could be applied to the continuous improvement of any product during product development. To optimize customer satisfaction ...

abstract surface water restriction and supply variation of these resources causes of over extraction of groundwater and unbalance between feed and extraction of groundwater in iran. agricultural sector as the biggest consumer of water resources has the most share of this unsustainability. this paper studies the conjunctive use of surface and groundwater in agronomy production in qazvin basin, o...

The multi-level programming problems are attractive for many researchers because of their application in several areas such as economic, traffic, finance, management, transportation, information technology, engineering and so on. It has been proven that even the general bi-level programming problem is an NP-hard problem, so the multi-level problems are practical and complicated problems therefo...

Abstract: Bi-level programming, a tool for modeling decentralized decisions, consists of the objective(s) of the leader at its first level and that is of the follower at the second level. Three level programming results when second level is itself a bi-level programming. By extending this idea it is possible to define multi-level programs with any number of levels. Supply chain planning problem...

In this article, a finite horizon, multi product and multi period economic order quantity like seasonal items is considered where demand rate is deterministic and known but variable in each period. The order quantities of items come in batch sizes and the end of the period order quantity and, consequently, demand of customers are zero. In addition, storage space is constrained and the problem...