Lithium is becoming a strategic metal due to its important applications in secondary battery electrodes used in electronic appliances and also in electric traction vehicles. Lithium primary resources are brines and rock minerals, the former being nowadays almost exclusively used in the production of lithium commodities. With the expected increase in lithium demand, the development of competitiv...

most plants are able to increase soil phosphorus availability by exuding some compounds such as organic acids when they experience phosphorous deficiency. considering this special ability of plants, the main purpose of the present research was to investigate if application of organic acids may increase p availability in soil. therefore, a greenhouse experiment was conducted with five treatments...

Accurate and reliable sampling and analysis of mercury forms is an overriding aim of any atmospheric monitoring effort which seeks to understand the fate and transport of the metal in the environment. Although a fraction of the total mercury forms found in the atmosphere, particulate phase mercury, Hg(p), is believed to play a prominent role in both wet and dry deposition to the terrestrial and...

Because there is a great difference between the toxicity of inorganic arsenic (As) and organic As in food, the JECFA has set a PTWI value for inorganic As (iAs) rather than for total As. The difference in As toxicity makes it necessary to extract iAs completely from food samples for toxicological analysis, but complete extraction of As from most foods including seaweed has not been achieved to ...

| Cleaning and disinfection regime effectiveness in a slaughterhouse was evaluated against the recovery of environmentally-robust zoonotic enteric pathogens such as E. coli and Salmonella. About 64%, 59% of carcass samples (Muscles, Lymph nodes, Organs as Liver and Spleen), and 55%, 52% of environmental samples (Wall, Floor swabs and Water) were tested positive to E. coli and Salmonella spp.; r...

Landfill avoidance for organic wastes is now a high priority worldwide. Two fractions of the municipal waste stream were considered with respect to their potential for diversion through controlled anaerobic digestion. The physical and chemical properties of source segregated domestic food waste (ss-FW) and of the mechanically-recovered organic fraction of municipal solid waste (mr-OFMSW) were a...

Arsenic (As) uptake in human occurs via the food chain mainly. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives has established the provisional tolerable weekly intake level for As as an inorganic As (iAs) value, because iAs in food is much more toxic than organic As. In this study, we studied an acid based partial-digestion method for the complete extraction of arsenicals from rice. HPLC/I...

Background and Aims: In this study we improved the purification of immunoglobulins from equine antiserum raised against the venom of 6 types of scorption species. Caprylic acid (octanoic acid), a fatty acid, was found to have no effect on the activity of the enzymes pepsin, which is used in antivenom purification to digest Fc fragment of immunoglobulins to obtain F(ab´)2. Materials and Methods...

the present experiment was carried out to determine the digestion kinetics of carbohydrate fractions of citrus by-products. grapefruit pulp (gp), lemon pulp (le), lime pulp (li) and orange pulp (op) were the test feed. digestion kinetic of whole citrus by-products and neutral detergent fiber (ndf) fraction and acid detergent fiber (adf) fractions of citrus by-products were measured using the in...