â â â  given companies’ dynamic responses to expected exchange rate changes, this article improves on current methods of measuring exposure to foreign exchange rate changes by breaking down the spot exchange rate changes into expected changes and unexpected changes. the currency risk exposure coefficients resulting from an empirical analysis of shanghai stock exchange a share listed companies...

Attitudes towards foreign policy have typically been explained by ideological and demographic factors. We approach this study from a different perspective and ex amine the extent to which foreign policy preferences correspond to genetic variation. Using data from the Minnesota Twin Family Study, we show that a moderate share of individual differences in the degree to which one's foreign policy ...

The rise of global health issues within the world of foreign policy is precipitating great interest in the concept and practice of health diplomacy. Much discussion of this new field, particularly within the global health community, has narrowly focused on how diplomatic negotiations and foreign policy can be used to support global health goals [1,2]. Recent articles claim, for example, that ‘‘...

Monetary policy rule is an approach to avoid time inconsistency problem as regarded by new classical economist to choose a time plan for policy making in order to maximize households’ well-being. The foundation of time inconsistency problem is not coincidence of expectations as an ex-ante variable, which is expected variable, with actual variable as an ex-post variable. Expectations in Finn K...

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OVER THE PAST 5 YEARS, MORE THAN 20000 GRADUATES OF FOREIGN medical schools have entered residency programs in the United States to obtain graduate medical education. The vast majority of these international medical graduates (IMGs) have gone on to practice in the United States after completing their training. Consequently, the number of IMGs has risen steadily reaching nearly 25% of all allopa...

armenian lobby is one of most powerful ethnic lobbies in u.s. all branches of this lobby try to direct us foreign policy on their interests. armenian national committee and armenian assembly are two famous organization of armenian lobby. they try to achieve three obvious goals of armenian lobby which are recognition of armenian genocide by ottoman empire between 1915-1922, recognition of indepe...