نتایج جستجو برای: urine specimen collection
تعداد نتایج: 307068 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
OBJECTIVE This study examined the reliability and potential biases of two urine collection methods from which cotinine measures were obtained and the validity of memory-based parental reports of their children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). DESIGN Structured interviews were conducted with mothers of infants and young children to obtain memory-based estimates of recent ETS ex...
Over the course of the last 2 decades, the approach to the management of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children has undergone considerable reconsideration. Areas such as screening urinalysis, method of urine collection, definition of a positive culture, imaging assessment after the diagnosis of UTI in children, medications for treatment, and mode of administration are examples of such reas...
OBJECTIVE To measure total daily salt intake using 24 h urinary Na excretion within a sample of Victorian schoolchildren aged 5-13 years and to assess discretionary salt use habits of children and parents. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Completed within a convenience sample of independent primary schools (n 9) located in Victoria, Australia. SUBJECTS Two hundred and sixty children ...
UNLABELLED The association between fluid intake and bladder cancer risk remains controversial. Very little is known about to which extent the amount of water intake influences the action of excreting toxics upon the urinary system. This proof of concept trial investigates the effect of water intake on mutagenesis in smokers, a high risk population for bladder cancer. METHODS Monocentric rando...
Absorption of the herbicide paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium) by mixer-loaders and spray operators on a Sri Lankan tea plantation was assessed over five consecutive days of spraying. Beginning on the day before spraying started and continuing for each of the five spraying days and for seven days after the last day of spraying, 24-hour urine samples were collected from each of the worke...
We studied the excretion of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and creatinine in overnight and 24-h urines collected over a period of seven consecutive days from 28 Dutch boys, ages eight and nine years. The correlation coefficients for the relation between true mean overnight and true mean 24-h excretion ranged between 0.94 and 1.00 for sodium, calcium, magnesium, and creatinine and was eq...
PURPOSE We investigated whether group-level bias of a 24-h recall estimate of protein and potassium intake, as compared to biomarkers, varied across European centers and whether this was influenced by characteristics of individuals or centers. METHODS The combined data from EFCOVAL and EPIC studies included 14 centers from 9 countries (n = 1,841). Dietary data were collected using a computeri...
Clinical research studies often collect data via repeated measurements of collected urine. Unfortunately, the accuracy of timed urine collections is limited by the presence of a residual volume of urine remaining in the bladder following each timed void due to incomplete emptying of the bladder. This residual urine volume adds significant imprecision to the urine collection method, rendering an...
BACKGROUND Available data have indicated independent direct relations of dietary animal protein and meat to the blood pressure (BP) of individuals. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to assess whether BP is associated with the intake of dietary amino acids higher relatively in animal than in vegetable protein (alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, glycine, histidine, lysine, methionine, and threon...
For policy goal setting, efficacy evaluations, and the development of related programs for reducing sodium intake, it is essential to accurately identify the amount of sodium intake in South Korea and constantly monitor its trends. The present study aimed to identify the status of sodium intake in South Korea and to review the methods and their validity for estimating sodium intake in each coun...
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