Several conditions, including rhabdomyolysis, trauma, and surgery, are associated with the release of large amounts of myoglobin into the circulation. Saturation of the salvage system of the kidney will produce myoglobinuria, a condition associated with acute renal failure (ARF). The exact mechanism is not known, but precipitation of myoglobin in the tubules and myoglobin-mediated formation of ...

An enhanced urinary excretion of citrate after administration of alkali and a diminished citrate excretion after administration of ammonium chloride were first observed by Ostberg in 1931 (1). More recently, it has been pointed out that the quantity of citrate excreted in the urine is not a direct consequence of acidification or alkalinization of the urine as believed by Ostberg, but rather is ...

We describe a simple method for extraction of estrogens that is efficient over the whole polarity range of estrogen metabolites in urine and plasma. A small reversed-phase C18 cartridge (Sep-Pak C18, Waters Associates, Inc.) is used for this purpose. After application of the biological fluid, followed by an aqueous wash, estrogens are eluted in 3 mL of methanol. For urine the pH should be kept ...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study is to present a case of 44 years old woman with topiramate induced metabolic acidosis and kidney stones. MATERIALS AND METHODS The laboratory features of topiramate caused renal tubular acidosis in blood and urine during topiramate treatment, with correction of metabolic acidosis by potassium citrate, and after topiramate withdrawal are presented. Differenti...

PURPOSE To compare renal dysfunction after right nephrectomy and ligation of the right renal vein with preservation of kidney. METHODS Animals' weight, pH, density, protein in urine and histological samples of the kidneys were evaluated. Fifteen female rats (Wistar) were divided into three groups. In the control group, right renal vein dissections were performed. In the second group, the righ...

The role of the gastrointestinal tract as a major source of blood ammonia has been extensively studied in animals and in patients with liver disease. Less information is available concerning the relative contribution to the blood ammonia by other organs, such as muscle, liver, brain and kidney, which are known to be concerned with ammonia metabolism (1). The renal release of ammonia into the sy...

Many biological functions follow circadian rhythms driven by internal and external cues that synchronize and coordinate organ physiology to diurnal changes in the environment and behavior. Urinary acid-base parameters follow diurnal patterns and it is thought these changes are due to periodic surges in gastric acid secretion. Abnormal urine pH is a risk factor for specific types of nephrolithia...

In 1912 Henderson and Palmer (1912) introduced a technique for determining the pH of the urine and applied it to the study of twentyfour-hour specimens from 222 normal and pathological cases. Their observation showed a rarge of pH from 5.0 to 7.4. They also observed that the pH of the urine rises to some extent following a meal. The pH curve of normal urine was also studied by Hasselbalch (1912...