Candida species are unusual causes of urinary tract infection (UTI) in healthy individuals, but common in the hospital setting or among patients with predisposing diseases and structural abnormalities of the kidney and collecting system. The urinary tract may be invaded in either an antegrade fashion from the bloodstream or retrograde via the urethra and bladder. Candida species employ a repert...

The circadian rhythm in melatonin production in mammals is regulated by a suprachiasmatic (SCN) leads to spinal cord leads to pineal circuit. In the present investigation the possible participation of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) in the SCN leads to spinal cord segment of this circuit was investigated in the rat. Bilateral lesions of the PVN area were produced and one t...

The present study was undertaken to examine whether phosphodiesterases III and IV regulate renal cAMP level and whether inhibition of these enzymes influences renal functions in anesthetized dogs. The intrarenal arterial infusion of rolipram (0.1, 0.3, and 1 microgram/kg/min), a selective phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor, increased renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, urine flow rate, an...

Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are rare lysosomal disorders caused by the deficiency of specific lysosomal enzymes responsible for glycosaminoglycan (GAG) degradation. Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT) has been shown to reduce accumulation and urinary excretion of GAG, and to improve some of the patients' clinical signs. We studied biochemical and molecular characteristics of nine MPS patients (two...

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is produced endogenously from L-cysteine by the actions of enzymes cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS). The role of these enzymes in the regulation of systemic blood pressure (SBP) is not yet clearly defined. In this study, we have examined the effect of chronic deficiency of endogenous H2S, which was induced by inhibitors of CSE and CBS, on SBP...

We measured the excretion rates of six urinary enzymes that either originate from the proximal renal tubule, like alanine aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.2), alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), gamma-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.2), and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.30), or that are typical low-molecular-mass proteins, like lysozyme (EC 3.2.1.17) and pancreatic ribonuclease (EC 3.1.27.5)....

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in coke oven emissions could cause lung cancer in human. Individual's genotype of the metabolic enzymes and early biological changes were known to be associated with the susceptibility of cancer development. Knowledge of metabolic gene polymorphisms, which affect on the urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), could benefit us in understanding the interindividual ...

A kininogenase resembling glandular kallikrein was partially purified from vascular tissue and characterized. Saline-perfused rat tail arteries and veins were homogenized in 0.25 M sucrose containing 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4). The homogenate was centrifuged at 105,000 g for 60 minutes, and a vascular kininogenase was purified from the supernatant by chromatofocusing, affinity chromatography on im...

Compromised activity of the DNA repair enzymes may raise the risk of a number of cancers. We analyzed polymorphisms in the Xeroderma Pigmentosum, Complementation Group C (XPC) gene for their correlation with urinary bladder cancer. Ala499Val and Lys939Gln polymorphisms were genotyped in 234 urinary bladder cancer cases and 258 control samples. A significant association between Ala499Val polymor...

bladder calculi, a rare condition in the pediatric population, occur most commonly as a result of either migration from the kidney or urinary stasis in the bladder. we report the case of a 3-year-old boy with recurrent urinary tract infections (uti) secondary to bladder calculi formation on the sutures from a previous herniorrhaphy.a 3-year-old boy with previous history of herniorrhaphy present...