Protein and nitrogen (N) accretion by the mother is a major adaptive response to pregnancy in humans and animals to meet the demands of the growing conceptus. Quantitative changes in whole body N metabolism were examined during normal pregnancy by measuring the rates of leucine N ( Q N) and carbon ( Q C) kinetics with the use of [1-13C,15N]leucine. Rate of synthesis of urea was measured by [15N...

Serum urea concentrations were measured in Large White pigs from lines divergently selected for components of efficient lean growth rate and performance tested over three 14-d test periods starting at 30, 50, and 75 kg. Two methods of performance testing were used. Phase-fed pigs were fed to appetite isoenergetic diets differing in total lysine:energy ratio (0.58, 0.69, 0.81, 0.91, 1.01, 1.12, ...

UNLABELLED Urea diffuses across the terminal inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) via a facilitated transport pathway. To examine the mechanism of transcellular urea transport, membrane-apparent urea (Purea) and osmotic water (Pf) permeabilities of IMCD cells were measured by quantitative light microscopy in isolated IMCD-2 tubules perfused in the absence of vasopressin. Basolateral membrane ...

An enzymatic, fluorometric method is described for determination of serum urea on silicone-rubber pads. In this method, the reagents are lyophilized on the surface of the pads, NADH on one side and a mixture of urease, glutamate dehydrogenase, and alpha-ketoglutarate on the other. The rate of disappearance of NADH fluorescence at 460nm (excitation wavelength, 340 nm) is monitored and related to...

Chaffed wheat straw was treated with a seven per cent solution of urea and sealed for three weeks before feeding to sheep. Mature wethers received either this urea-treated straw or straw that had received an equivalent amount of urea mixed in with it at feeding. Both straws were fed either with or without lupins at 200 g/hd/d for seven weeks. DM intake was increased both by the urea treatment a...

The isotopic equilibration of urea, thiourea, and inulin between urine and plasma was determined in rabbits in the presence or absence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Animals were anesthetized with ethanol and permitted to reach steady state after completion of surgery. Tracer was then administered by intraarterial infusion in such a manner that a high constant specific activity in plasma was ra...

Studies were designed to examine whether the thin ascending limb of Henle (tALH) decreases its luminal solute concentration by an active or a passive transport process. In all experiments isolated segments of rabbit tALH were perfused in vitro. When tubules were perfused with solutions identical to the bath, active transport of NaCl was excluded by the following: (a) osmolality of the collected...

SCHMIDT-NIELSEN, BODIL, AND CAROLYN RUTH SHRAUGER. Hundling of urea and related cumpuunds by the renal tubuks of the frog. Am. J. Physiol. PO&$: 483-488. 1963.-A high arginase activity is found in the kidney of the adult frog Ram catesbeiana which actively secretes urea. Urea accumulates in the kidney in concentrations around seven to eight times the blood concentration. To test whether the kid...

BACKGROUND Substantial efforts have been made toward defining the dose threshold of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) associated with improved survival in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. Published studies have used prescribed effluent rates, expressed as total effluent volume (TEV) per weight and unit time (mL/kg/h), as a surrogate for dose. The purpose of this study...

A new type of controlled release fertilizers coated with polyurea was prepared. The granulated urea was firstly changed into a liquid urea by heating as the coating liquid. By spraying uniformly the urea was coated with the polyurea synthesized by the reaction of isocyanates with a liquid urea. The effects of different modifiers on N release characteristics of polyurea-coated urea (PCU) were st...