The current situation of world’s environmental issues, indicates that not only the man-made environmental damages have not been diminished, but also has given rise to more acute issues such as water and soil pollution, biodiversity loss, ozone depletion, greenhouse phenomena, etc. One of the most prominent effects of urban development on environmental problems caused by solid waste generated in...

The large amount of money spent and the great number of travelers depicts the importance of tourism. Tourists travel to and from all areas around both hemispheres searching for a variety of experiences. Tourism industry has developed positively and has increased in different ways, regarding its type or scale. Therefore, tourists and tourism industry develop accordingly and frequently very fast,...

BACKGROUND Short term population dynamics is an important issue in several epidemiological studies. Usually, calendar time or dummy variables are used to control indirectly for this confounding. This study tested a direct method. METHODS The study compared as proxy variables of population dynamics the summer 2003 data of cooking gas consumptions, solid urban waste production, and television a...

A macrolevel approach for integrating regional economic models with urban metabolism models is developed. Challenges with consistency and aggregation persist in the integration of urban models between socioeconomic and environmental systems, and between the micro and macro scale. Using an econometric model as a foundation offers a flexible structure, with low data requirements, that might poten...

Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is the fundamental environmental management in urban area, the characteristic of uncontrolled burning of wastes and improper incineration contributes significantly to urban air pollution needed for citizen life. This study proposed 18 criteria on Taipei metropolitan using interpretive structural modeling (ISM) with interrelationships among the criteria, i...

nowadays, most of the cities, especially metropolises of developing countries are engaged with environmental issues like air and water pollution, waste increase and etc., that lead to the environmental destruction. meanwhile sustainable urban development, provides the balance between development and the environment, and supplies the current generation needs while keep its eyes on the next gener...

Sub-Saharan Africa today is in the midst of a dramatic urban transition that will persist well into the 21 century. Between 2010 and 2035, the urban population is expected to more than double from approximately 298 million to 697 million. By mid-century, it is estimated that over 1 billion people will live in urban areas. While urbanization has the potential to act as an engine of economic grow...

Urban areas are hot spots that drive environmental change at multiple scales. Material demands of production and human consumption alter land use and cover, biodiversity, and hydrosystems locally to regionally, and urban waste discharge affects local to global biogeochemical cycles and climate. For urbanites, however, global environmental changes are swamped by dramatic changes in the local env...

The attractiveness of many cities in Africa is marred by the inefficient collection, management, disposal and reuse of municipal solid waste (MSW). Rectifying this requires a change in attitude towards how MSW is viewed. MSW needs to be viewed as a resource that should be incorporated into human development agenda and urban development. This has the potential for generating income for cities in...

An outbreak of Q fever occurred in February-April 2014 among workers at a waste-sorting plant in Bilbao (Spain). The outbreak affected 58.5% of investigated employees, 47.2% as confirmed cases (PCR and/or serology) and 11.3% as probable cases (symptoms without laboratory confirmation). Only employees who had no-access to the waste processing areas of the plant were not affected and incidence of...