This paper models in a precise quantitative manner the proposition that the properties of urban shapes strongly and significantly affect the syntactic properties of urban grids. Urban shapes are described according to three measures of shape compactness and fragmentation and their skewness of distribution. The analysis of a large sample of coastal cities has shown that urban shapes affect the i...

Urban spaces consist of a complex collection of buildings, parcels, blocks and neighbourhoods interconnected by streets. Accurately modelling both the appearance and the behaviour of dense urban spaces is a significant challenge. The recent surge in urban data and its availability via the Internet has fomented a significant amount of research in computer graphics and in a number of applications...

Although the urban transition is a universal event that unfolds in all countries, the determinants, patterns, and outcomes do not necessarily follow a uniform process. With the urban transition being basically completed in developed countries around the turn of the 21st century, the growth of cities today is almost entirely confined to developing countries. Still, much of our conceptual underst...

Along with a rise in the demand for medical services, and a steady increase in the costs of those services, the number of workers employed in the health services industry has grown at a very rapid pace . As the decade opened, about 4.3 million persons were working in hospitals, convalescent institutions, physicians' and dentists' offices, or other health care facilities .' By 1979, their number...

With accelerating urbanization, urban competitiveness has become a worldwide academic focus. Previous studies always focused on economic factors but ignored social elements when measuring urban competitiveness. In this paper, a city was considered as a whole containing different units such as departments, individuals and economic activities, which interact with each other and affect its economi...

Five age groups (CA 7-9, 10-12, 13-16,120-21,^027) of Ss were selected from two contrasting populations in Urban and Rural Yucatan, Mexico. All Urban Ss were in school, while only the two younger Rural age groups were in school--older Rural Ss had little or no schooling. The Ss were tested on a short-term and inciden-

There has been substantial recent interest in annotation schemes that can be applied consistently to many languages. Building on several recent efforts to unify morphological and syntactic annotation, the Universal Dependencies (UD) project seeks to introduce a cross-linguistically applicable part-of-speech tagset, feature inventory, and set of dependency relations as well as a large number of ...

The present study measures levels of stigma within health care settings in urban and rural Gujarat, in an attempt to understand how this may have contributed to the state's increasing HIV incidence. Two sites were studied: a rural hospital in Bardoli and an urban hospital in Surat. HIV-associated stigma among healthcare workers (N=170) was assessed using a Stigma Index. Overall, analyses sugges...

Ainu is a language spoken by the Ainu people, a minority ethnic group in Japan. The development of syntactic corpora for Ainu is crucial both for the advancement of linguistic theories and for language revitalization. To solve the situation, we experimentally annotated a short poem of AinuwithUniversal Dependencies version 2 scheme. In this paper, we report several language-specific suggestions...

Heatwaves kill more people than any other natural hazard in Australia. Current literature on managing health risks of heatwaves highlights the importance of implementing urban planning measures, and engaging with vulnerable groups on a local level to better understand perceptions of risk and tailor health protection measures. This paper reviews arrangements to reduce heatwave health risks in So...