A Geographic Information System (GIS) is increasingly recognized as an effective tool for urban modeling. As a part of NASA's multidisciplinary project, this article develops GIS modeling methods of constructing measurements of urban components to monitor and model urban respiration. The first step is to create an Oracle database that stores spatially and temporally referenced measures of trace...

Numerical simulations are conducted using the Weather Research and Forecast 6 (WRF) numerical model to examine the effects of a marine air intrusion (including a sea7 breeze front), in an easterly wind regime on 7 May 2008, on the structure of London’s urban 8 heat island (UHI). A sensitivity study is undertaken to assess how the representation of 9 the urban area of London in the model, with a...

Since vegetation in urban areas delivers crucial ecological services as a support to human well-being and to the urban population in general, its monitoring is a major issue for urban planners. Mapping and monitoring the changes in urban green spaces are important tasks because of their functions such as the management of air, climate and water quality, the reduction of noise, the protection of...

In high-density urban air mobility (UAM) operations, mitigating congestion and reducing structural constraints are key challenges. Pioneering airspace design projects expect the vehicles to fit into structured UAM corridor networks. However, most existing transport networks not capable of handling increasing traffic demand, which is likely cause congestion, complexity, safety issues. To adapt d...

The purpose of this article is to show how the dispersion of air pollutants in a street canyon could be evaluated (we take as an example Bonaparte Street in the 6th district of Paris) so as to estimate the pollutants concentrations in all points even if there are no stations of measurement. This study, which was made for Airparif, is based on a three dimensional air dispersion model called MISK...

In Guadeloupe (French West Indies), the main municipal solid waste is surrounded by highly urbanized areas. An urban heat island (UHI) behavior has been identified in the landfill environment. It has been measured and its intensity (up to more than 4 C) has been shown to be negatively correlated with nebulosity and Tradewinds strength. Conditions for urban breeze detection have been examined. T...

Air quality data (ground level ozone (O3), NO, NOx, SO2, CO, H2S and NH3) of two Kuwaiti urban areas adjacent to petroleum processing facilities, Fahaheel and Al-Riqa, were analyzed and compared to evaluate: (1) the exceedances of the Kuwait Environment Public Authority (KUEPA) air quality limits, (2) primary air pollution sources and their contribution to the ambient load, (3) diurnal patterns...

A lthough urban areas comprise a very small fraction of Earth’s land cover (Schneider et al. 2009), over half of global population live in urban agglomerations. Therefore, it is important to monitor, understand, and predict the modifications occurring in local weather and climate due to urbanization, particularly for the perspective of accurate high-resolution weather and air-quality forecastin...

The objective of this study is to build a regression model of air quality by using the support vector machine (SVM) technique in the Avilés urban area (Spain) at local scale. Hazardous air pollutants or toxic air contaminants refer to any substance that may cause or contribute to an increase in mortality or serious illness, or that may pose a present or potential hazard to human health. To acco...

Air pollution is the major concern and challenge of Tehran urban areas’ management. Various rules, regulation, and laws had been codifiesd on this matter. In present research, the enforcement of laws and regulation concerning air pollution in the field of land-use and transportation is being addressed. The purpose of this article is to suggest an applicable (applied) framework embracing a descr...