نتایج جستجو برای: upright balance

تعداد نتایج: 147429  

Journal: :Journal of vestibular research : equilibrium & orientation 1998
S C Nicholas D D Doxey-Gasway W H Paloski

Sensory-motor control of upright human posture may be organized in a top-down fashion such that certain head-trunk coordination strategies are employed to optimize visual and/or vestibular sensory inputs. Previous quantitative models of the biomechanics of human posture control have examined the simple case of ankle sway strategy, in which an inverted pendulum model is used, and the somewhat mo...

Journal: :Respiratory physiology & neurobiology 2009
Johan Petersson Malin Rohdin Alejandro Sánchez-Crespo Sven Nyrén Hans Jacobsson Stig A Larsson Sten G E Lindahl Dag Linnarsson Blazej Neradilek Nayak L Polissar Robb W Glenny Margareta Mure

We used quantitative Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) to study the effect of the upright posture on regional lung blood flow and ventilation. Nine (upright) plus seven (prone and supine) healthy volunteers were studied awake, breathing spontaneously. Regional blood flow and ventilation were marked in sitting upright, supine and prone postures using (113m)In-labeled macroaggreg...

Journal: :Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPT 2010
Cathy A Larson Wynne Dawley Tezak Meghan Sheppard Malley William Thornton

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Muscle weakness frequently impairs the ability to maintain upright sitting in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). The primary purpose of this study was to examine the intrarater and interrater reliability of hand-held dynamometry to assess postural muscle strength for maintaining upright sitting in individuals with SCI. We also assessed reliability of forces measur...

Journal: :The Journal of experimental biology 2003
Stephen M Reilly Richard W Blob

Crocodilians are unusual among quadrupedal tetrapods in their frequent use of a wide variety of hindlimb postures, ranging from sprawling to a more erect high walk. In this study, we use synchronized kinematic videos and electromyographic recordings to test how the activity patterns of hindlimb muscles in American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis Daudin) differ between sprawling and more ...

Journal: :Perception 2012
Yukyu Araragi Takehiro Aotani Akiyoshi Kitaoka

We quantitatively examined the difference in perceived size between upright and inverted faces using the method of constant stimuli. The stimuli included eight face images modified from two cartoon faces produced by Kitaoka (2007, http://www.psy.ritsumei.ac.jp/-akitaoka/kao-e.html and 2008, Cognitive Psychology 5 177-185) and six photographic faces, including a photographic face used by Thompso...

Journal: :American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2010
Atsunori Kamiya Toru Kawada Masaki Mizuno Shuji Shimizu Masaru Sugimachi

Since humans are under ceaseless orthostatic stress, the mechanisms to maintain arterial pressure (AP) against gravitational fluid shift are important. As one mechanism, it was reported that upright tilt reset baroreflex control of renal sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) to a higher SNA in anesthetized rabbits. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that upright tilt causes a parallel re...

Journal: :Functional neurology 2014
Alessandro Marco De Nunzio Chiara Zucchella Francesca Spicciato Paolo Tortola Carmine Vecchione Francesco Pierelli Michaelangelo Bartolo

Weight bearing on the paretic lower extremity and transfer of weight from one lower extremity to the other are important goals of stroke rehabilitation. Improvements in these limb loading and weight transfer abilities have been shown to relate to improved performance of many functional activities. Unfortunately, valid and practical clinical measures of paretic lower extremity loading and weight...

2015
Bart B G T Alberts Luc P J Selen Wim I M Verhagen W Pieter Medendorp

Patients with bilateral vestibular loss have balance problems in darkness, but maintain spatial orientation rather effectively in the light. It has been suggested that these patients compensate for vestibular cues by relying on extravestibular signals, including visual and somatosensory cues, and integrating them with internal beliefs. How this integration comes about is unknown, but recent lit...

2014
Leonardo Abdala Elias Renato Naville Watanabe André Fabio Kohn

Several models have been employed to study human postural control during upright quiet stance. Most have adopted an inverted pendulum approximation to the standing human and theoretical models to account for the neural feedback necessary to keep balance. The present study adds to the previous efforts in focusing more closely on modelling the physiological mechanisms of important elements associ...

2016
Tsuneo Kumamoto Toshiaki Seko Yui Takahashi

[Purpose] To investigate the effects of movement from a postural maintenance position on lumbar hemodynamic changes, in order to prevent lower back pain and develop exercise therapy. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-five healthy adults (mean age: 23.2 years) participated in the study. During flexion-extension exercise, the subjects moved their trunks gradually to a flexed position from an upright ...

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