The UASB Reactor concept represents a very promising proposition for the anaerobic treatment of a variety of industrial wastes and even of domestic wastes. In the present study, after careful acclimatization, the granules were found to be well adapted to fish processing effluent and the COD reduction was upto 96% at organic loading rates from 150 mg l–1 d–1 to 2,200 mg l–1 d-1. The biogas produ...

Barley fields reach 1.7 million hectares in Spain, of which 320,000 are used to produce malt, generating 450,000 tons crop residue from barley intended for malt production. One way treat this waste an environmentally sound, energy-sustainable and economically cost-effective manner is anaerobic digestion. The biogas generated can be as fuel a renewable source energy (providing solution the suppl...

Due to its structure, hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) is a slowly biodegradable substance, hydrolysing in acid environment to ammonium and formaldehyde. Formaldehyde is toxic under normal conditions for biological treatment processes. Following an adaptation, a formaldehyde concentration of 1000 mg·l may become biodegradable both in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Acidic conditions for hydrolysi...

Anammox is a novel and efficient nitrogen removal technique, while the long start-up time limits its industrial application, thus carriers are always utilized to accelerate start-ups. Meanwhile, preservation of anammox bacteria key element in application. Therefore, it also quite significant evaluate effect reactivation process after preservation. Through addition polyurethane sponge upflow ana...

Experiments were performed in parallel using six identical UASB (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket) reactors to examine the effects of iron (Fe2+) on sludge granulation during start-up. Introduction of Fe2+ at concentrations of 300 and 450 mg/L enhanced the granulation process in UASB reactors, while dosage of Fe2+ (150 mg/L) had little effect on the sludge granulation. The Fe2+concentration in g...

Predation by protists is top-down pressure that regulates prokaryotic abundance, community function, structure, and diversity in natural and artificial ecosystems. Although the effects of predation by protists have been studied in aerobic ecosystems, they are poorly understood in anoxic environments. We herein studied the influence of predation by Metopus and Caenomorpha ciliates-ciliates frequ...

The successful operation of a high-rate anaerobic reactor, up flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor depends on the prevailing physico-chemical and biological conditions during its operation. The wastewater characteristics and composition, the hydrodynamics of the process, and microbial activity are critical for achieving long term, optimal reactor performance. Modeling UASBs can be benef...

The performance of an EGSB (expanded granular sludge bed) reactor type using flocculent sludge was evaluated for the post-treatment of effluent from UASB reactor treating domestic sewage. A pilot-scale 157.5-L EGSB reactor was monitored during a 331-day period. The original concept of the EGSB reactor was based on the granular sludge use and by applying high upflow liquid velocities (vup). Howe...