In this contribution, a capillary electrophoresis microdevice with an integrated on-chip contactless four-electrode conductivity detector is presented. A 6-cm-long, 70-microm-wide, and 20-microm-deep channel was etched in a glass substrate that was bonded to a second glass substrate in order to form a sealed channel. Four contactless electrodes (metal electrodes covered by 30-nm silicon carbide...

This study was designed to compare the effects of sit-up and ab crunch exercises on muscular activity of the rectus abdominal. A pairs of surface electrodes were placed unilaterally on four quadrants of the rectus abdominal, in ten male subjects (mean and [SD] age, height and weight were 20.6 yrs [1.90], 167.00 cm [4.92] and 62.0 kg [2.45] respectively). Electromyographic (EMG) recordings were ...

OBJECTIVES Phrenic nerve stimulation for diaphragm pacing allows patients with central respiratory paralysis to be weaned from mechanical ventilation. Two procedures are available, either intrathoracic (bilateral thoracotomy) or intradiaphragmatic (four ports laparoscopy). The present experimental work assesses the feasibility, safety and efficacy of a trans-mediastinal implantation of intradia...

introduction activated sludge process is one of the most common methods used in wastewater treatment plants. regarding the large volume of sludge obtained from such biological wastewater treatment processes and considerable costs of its treatment and disposal, extensive research has been and is being done on novel effective methods of sludge stabilization. in previous investigations research gr...

We present an innovative electrochemical probe for the monitoring of pH, redox potential and conductivity in near-field rocks of deep geological radioactive waste repositories. The probe is composed of a monocrystalline antimony electrode for pH sensing, four AgCl/Ag-based reference or Cl- selective electrodes, one Ag₂S/Ag-based reference or S2- selective electrode, as well as four platinum ele...

Wet Ag/AgCl electrodes, although very popular in clinical diagnosis, are not appropriate for expanding applications of wearable biopotential recording systems which are used repetitively and for a long time. Here, the development of a low-cost and low-noise active dry electrode is presented. The performance of the new electrodes was assessed for recording electrocardiogram (ECG) and electroence...

In this study, we prepared carbon nanotube (CNT)/Nafion-modified ITO electrodes and investigated their electrochemical behavior. The CNTs were dissolved in a solution of the ionic polymer Nafion and then CNT/Nafion composite films were deposited onto ITO electrodes through spin-coating of this homogeneous solution. We studied the effects of chemical pretreatment of the CNTs and the pH of the bu...

the aim of this critical appraisal and hazards of surface electromyography (semg) is to enhance the data acquisition quality in voluntary but complex movements, sport and exercise in particular. the methodological and technical registration strategies deal with telemetry and online data acquisition, the placement of the detection electrodes and the choice of the most adequate normalization mode...