The need of Data mining is because of the explosive growth of data from terabytes to petabytes. Data mining preprocess aims to produce the quality mining result in descriptive and predictive analysis. The quality of a clustering result depends on both the similarity measure used by the method and its implementation. A straightforward way to combine structural and attribute similarities is to us...

A classic notion in logic programming is the sep aration of logic and control Logic is for problem solving control is for directing inference However practical experience in the classroom suggests that problem solving students nonetheless devote much e ort to understanding control issues such as elim inating looping behaviours and improving program e ciency In the case of Prolog this requires a...

1 Editorial Current day Hallyu (Korean wave) culture is rapidly spreading throughout Asia and the world, moving from the periphery of global culture towards the center. 'Plastic Surgery Hallyu' has joined K-pop, TV dramas, dancing, and food as one of the pillars of the Hallyu craze, and the Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons (KSPRS) is showing the world its outstanding result...

The illusion that reactive and hierarchical planning methods are at odds with each other needs to be dropped. By exploiting each method's strengths, a synthesis of hierarchical and reactive paradigms can yield robust, exible, and generalizable navigation. Psychological and neuroscienti c studies support this claim.

Electroacupuncture stimulation (EAS) has been demonstrated effective for pain relief and treating other various diseases. However, the conventional way of EAS, the bi-acupoint method, is not suitable for basis study of acupoint specificity. Moreover, its operations are inconvenient and difficult to be persevered, especially for long-term, continuous and even imperative treatments. These disadva...