Since September 2015 and the Russian military intervention in country, interests Syria have been numerous of great importance for actors involved this conflict. The are Russia, like Allies opponents Bashar Al-Assad regime, is fighting geopolitical, geo-economic, or ideological reasons. Middle East region finds itself shaken by sharp resurgence a confrontation between allied to United States, ot...

This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate individual differences in the neural underpinnings of sentence comprehension, with a focus on neural adaptability (dynamic configuration of neural networks with changing task demands). Twenty-seven undergraduates, with varying working memory capacities and vocabularies, read sentences that were either syntactically simple or c...

The goal of cognitive neuroscience is to integrate cognitive models with knowledge about underlying neural machinery. This significant challenge was explored in relation to word reading, where sophisticated computational-cognitive models exist but have made limited contact with neural data. Using distortion-corrected functional MRI and dynamic causal modeling, we investigated the interactions b...

The dawn of quantum technology unveils a plethora of new possibilities and challenges in the world of information technology, one of which is the quest for secure information transmission. A breakthrough in classical algorithm or the development of a quantum computer could threaten the security of messages encoded using public key cryptosystems based on one-way function such as RSA. Quantum key...

A grand challenge, it would seem, has to be grand, i.e., large and impressive in size, scope, or extent. While each plant physiologist would likely come up with a list of challenges in their own area of work, to be truly grand these should span the entire discipline of plant physiology, and ideally have significant impact on both science and technology. The question then is what is the scope of...

Thurner et al. (1) identifies spikes in diabetes incidence using year-of-birth data from Austria over the last century. They intriguingly associate these peaks with intervals of nationwide famine with the disease onset apparently occurring decades later. The information provided by Thurner et al. is a valuable supplement to previous studies on the Dutch WWII famine that also demonstrate a relat...