An improved one-dimensional analysis of CMOS photodiode has been derived in which the effect of the substrate, which forms a high-low junction with the epitaxial layer, has been included. The fully analytical solution was verified with numerical simulations based on parameters extracted from a standard 0.35 μm CMOS process. The parameter availability and the degree of accuracy for photoresponse...

A sufficiently large connected matroid M contains a big circuit or a big cocircuit. Pou-Lin Wu showed that we can ensure that M has a big circuit or a big cocircuit containing any chosen element of M . In this paper, we begin with a fixed connected matroid N and we take M to be a connected matroid that has N as a minor. Our main result establishes that ifM is sufficiently large, then, up to dua...

11 It is known that any 3-connected matroid that is large enough is certain to contain 12 a minor of a given size belonging one of a few special classes of matroids. This 13 paper proves a similar unavoidable minor result for large 4-connected bicircular 14 matroids. The main result follows from establishing the list of unavoidable minors 15 of large 4-biconnected graphs, which are the graphs r...

Introduction: Bone cement implantation syndrome is an important cause of perioperative morbidity and mortality (0.6–1%) in patients undergoing cemented hip arthroplasty. Clinical features include cardiac, neurologic and respiratory impairments that may lead to cardiac arrest. It has been proposed that the effect of systemically absorbed methyl methacrylate and release of endogenous mediators ca...