fabrication of ultrafine grained materials by imposing severe plastic deformation for improvement of mechanical and physical properties of metals has been the focus of many researches over the past few years. in this process, a sheet is subjected to repetitive shear deformation conditions by utilizing asymmetrically grooved and flat dies through alternate pressing. in this study, a 2mm thick co...

Materials with ultrafine-grained structure and unique physical and mechanical properties can be obtained by methods of severe plastic deformation, which include processes of asymmetric rolling (AR). Asymmetric rolling is a very effective way to create ultrafine-grained structures of metals and alloys. Since the asymmetric rolling is a continuous process, it has great potential for industrial pr...

INTRODUCTION We investigated whether adding ultrafine (nano-scale) oxygen-carrying bubbles to water concurrently with dissolved carbon-dioxide (CO2) could result in safe, long-duration anesthesia for fish. RESULTS To confirm the lethal effects of CO2 alone, fishes were anesthetized with dissolved CO2 in 20°C seawater. Within 30 minutes, all fishes, regardless of species, died suddenly due to ...

Boehmite (γ-AlOOH) nanoparticles (NPs) are used in a wide range of industrial applications. However, little is known about their potential toxicity. This study aimed at a better understanding of the relationship between the physico-chemical properties of these NPs and their in vitro biological activity. After an extensive physico-chemical characterization, the cytotoxicity, pro-inflammatory res...

Silicon-based nanomaterials are promising anode materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high theoretical capacity of 4200 mA h g(-1), more than 10 times that of commercial graphite. Si nanoparticles (NPs) with a diameter of or below 10 nm generally exhibit enhanced lithium storage properties due to their small size and large surface area. However, it is challenging to generate su...

The criteria for designating an "Active Fault" not only are important for understanding regional tectonics, but also are a paramount issue for assessing the earthquake risk of faults that are near important structures such as nuclear power plants. Here we propose a proxy, based on the preservation of amorphous ultrafine particles, to assess fault activity within the last millennium. X-ray diffr...

Ultrafine aluminum oxide, which are abundant in ambient and involved occupational environments, are associated with neurobehavioral alterations. However, few studies have focused on the effect of sex differences following exposure to environmental Al₂O₃ ultrafine particles. In the present study, male and female mice were exposed to Al₂O₃ nanoparticles (NPs) through a respiratory route. Only the...

Ultrafine particles of SrFelzOts have been synthesized by citrate precursor technique. Solid state reactivity studies of citrate precursor lead to the formation oEfine particles of SrFe12019below 823K.Th.e size and m o r p h o l o g y o c e area measured by BETmethod for5.2nm clystallite is found to be27.45 m2fg. havingparticlesize42nm. UltrafinepaniclesofSrFe~zOlpshows interesting magnetic pro...

The evolution of the microstructure changes during hot deformation high-chromium content stainless steels (martensitic steels) is reviewed. microstructural taking place under high-temperature conditions and associated mechanical behaviors are presented. During continuous dynamic recrystallization (cDRX), new grains nucleate growth in materials with high stacking fault energies (SFE). On other h...

Applications of a metallic material highly depend on its mechanical properties, which greatly the material’s grain sizes. Reducing sizes by severe plastic deformation is one efficient approaches to enhance properties material. In this paper, equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) will be reviewed illustrate effects refinement some common materials such as titanium alloys, aluminum and magnesium ...