Downward phase of dose-response morphine converted U shape curve was chosen as a base for investigating the effects of different doses of naloxone (0.05-0.4 mg/Kg) on morphine reward/aversion properties using place preference method. First, male Wistar rats (200-220 g) were received morphine (1-7.5 mg/Kg) for place conditioning and marginal dose of morphine (5 mg/Kg) calculated by GraphPad soft...

downward phase of dose-response morphine converted u shape curve was chosen as a base for investigating the effects of different doses of naloxone (0.05-0.4 mg/kg) on morphine reward/aversion properties using place preference method. first, male wistar rats (200-220 g) were received morphine (1-7.5 mg/kg) for place conditioning and marginal dose of morphine (5 mg/kg) calculated by graphpad soft...

introduction: drugs of abuse such as nicotine and morphine used systemically by addicts produce their effects via the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway. furthermore, evidence indicates that some behavioral effects of nicotine and morphine are mediated by nitric oxide (no). based on these observations, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of intra-nucleus accumbens (nac) inj...

We report molecular changes in leaves of rice plants (Oryza sativa L. - reference crop plant and grass model) exposed to ultra low-dose ionizing radiation, first using contaminated soil from the exclusion zone around Chernobyl reactor site. Results revealed induction of stress-related marker genes (Northern blot) and secondary metabolites (LC-MS/MS) in irradiated leaf segments over appropriate ...

Background Perioperative pain carries a considerable risk of becoming persistent; hence aggressive preventive approaches are advocated. Persistently high prevalence of postoperative pain, however, suggests anesthesiologists underuse these strategies. A prospective cross-sectional study of patients in the postanesthetic care unit (PACU) and a survey of anesthesiologists were thus conducted to ev...

OBJECTIVES We investigated the effects of low-dose morphine on nitric oxide (NO) and angiogenesis in two-kidney one clip hypertensive (2K1C) rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS MALE RATS WERE DIVIDED INTO TWO GROUPS: sham-clip operated and 2K1C. Each group subdivided into saline and morphine (3 mg/kg i.p. 8 weeks) groups. Blood pressure, heart rate, plasma renin activity (PRA), NO concentration and m...

The present study examined the role of the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) in the modulation of acetylcholine (ACh) release by morphine. We examined the effect of morphine on the release of ACh in the RVLM of freely moving rats using the in vivo microdialysis method. The basal level of ACh was 303.0 +/- 28.2 fmol/20 microliter/15 min in the presence of neostigmine (10 microM). Morphine at ...

Recent preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that cotreatments with extremely low doses of opioid receptor antagonists can markedly enhance the ef®cacy and speci®city of morphine and related opioid analgesics. Our correlative studies of the cotreatment of nociceptive types of dorsal-root ganglion neurons in vitro and mice in vivo with morphine plus speci®c opioid receptor antagonis...