In the Microbial typing field, the need to have a common understanding of the concepts described and the ability to share results within the community is an increasingly important requisite for the continued development of portable and accurate sequence-based typing methods. These methods are used for bacterial strain identification and are fundamental tools in Clinical Microbiology and Bacteri...

We study a typing assignment system for the higher-order-calculus. The system proposed is a straightforward extension of the typing system for the polyadic-calculus proposed by Kohei Honda and the author 6], by introducing a new type constructor for agents (i.e., processes abstracted on some sequence of names and variables.) We also present an eecient typing reconstruction algorithm to extract ...

Phage typing has been the traditional strain typing (or .fingerprinting.) method used in Australia for surveillance of common salmonella serovars (such as Salmonella Typhimurium) and outbreak investigations. The need for more accessible, discriminatory and objective methods has been recognised but, until now, none has been widely accepted. Recently, the molecular typing method, known as MLVA (m...

A coroutine is a programming construct between function and thread. It can be invoked like a function, but before it returns a value (if ever) it may suspend itself arbitrarily often to return intermediate results and then be resumed with new inputs. Unlike with preemptive threading, a coroutine does not run concurrently with the rest of the program, but rather takes control until it voluntaril...

We investigate con uence properties for concurrent systems of message-passing processes, because such properties have proved to be useful for a variety of applications, ranging from reasoning about concurrent objects to mobile and high-speed telecommunication protocols. Roughly, con uence means that for every two computations starting from a common system state, it is possible to continue the c...

Detection of ABO blood groups through agglutination is the basis of pre-transfusion testing. However, weak agglutination reactions may be obtained with reagent antibodies and are a result of weak expression of A and B antigens on red blood cell surface which may cause a discrepancy in blood group typing. Here, we report a donor which showed discrepancy between red blood cells (forward) and seru...

Cultures of Escherichia coli of urinary origin were examined after storage for 12 to 15 years by a combination of the techniques of biotyping, resistotyping, haemagglutinin typing, and colicin typing (multiple typing) which allowed strain identification to be made even when variation in one or more typing characters had occurred in vivo. Biotyping and resistotyping used in conjunction were suff...

This paper describes an empirical study on typing errors made by children during a text copy exercise. The literature on text input errors is first examined, focussing on studies of errors that occur during keyboard typing. A study of errors made by children during typing is described and the results from this study are analysed using visual inspection and already published error categorisation...

objective(s): staphylococcus aureus is an important bacterial pathogen responsible for a variety numbers of nosocomial and community acquired infections. biofilm formation is regarded as an important factor in the establishment of s. aureus infection. the contribution of the genetic background of s. aureus to biofilm formation is poorly understood. the aim of the present work was to genotype s....