conclusions the results indicated that there was a positive association between susceptibility to chronic hbv infection and tnf-α polymorphism. in addition, hbv patients carrying -308 gg, -857 cc, and -863 aa genotypes with lower serum levels of tnf-α had an increased risk of infection. background the host genetic background regulates the natural history of chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infec...

INTRODUCTION Aspartame is a non-nutritive sweetener particularly used in 'diet' and 'low calorie' products and also in a variety of foods, drugs and hygiene products. Aspartame is metabolized by gut esterases and peptidases to three common chemicals: the amino acids, aspartic acid and phenylalanine, and small amounts of methanol. The aim of the present study was to assess potential changes in m...

To analyze the effects of azalea on oxidative stress, immune factors and vasodilator in hypertensive rats. 24 male Specific-pathogen-free grade spontaneous hypertension rats were divided into model group (normal saline), (50 mg/kg/d azalea), verapamil verapamil) 8 normal control saline) observed changes tail artery systolic pressure for 2-18 w after administration, superoxide dismutase, malondi...

Nitric oxide is a recognized cytotoxic effector against facultative and obligate intracellular bacteria. This study examined the effect of nitric oxide produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) up-regulated in response to cytokine stimulation, or by a synthetic nitric oxide donor, on replication of obligately intracellular Coxiella burnetii in murine L-929 cells. Immunoblotting and nit...

Cell-culture-based drug tests are usually performed in an instantaneous delivery manner. However, vivo pharmacokinetic studies have shown a steady increase the concentration of bioactive compounds plasma following oral administration, with maximum observed after several hours. Here, novel palm-sized syringe pump powered by manual winding spring was utilized for sustained chlorogenic acid (CHA) ...

BACKGROUND Inflammation in adipose tissue has been implicated in vascular dysfunction, but the local mechanisms by which this occurs are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Small arteries with and without perivascular adipose tissue were taken from subcutaneous gluteal fat biopsy samples and studied with wire myography and immunohistochemistry. We established that healthy adipose tissue around human...

Cudrania tricuspidata extracts (CTE) and Stewartia koreana (SKE) are viable drugs for managing inflammation. We investigated the nitric oxide levels of CTE a mixture CTE/SKE (CTE mix) against lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells. In addition, we administered mix to mice with collagen-induced arthritis confirm an anti-inflammatory effect rheumatoid arthritis. analyzed symptoms by oral admin...

Although microglia are the only cells found to be productively infected in the central nervous system of acquired immunodeficiency disease syndrome (AIDS) patients, there is extensive white and gray matter disease nonetheless. This neuropathogenesis is believed to be due to indirect mechanisms other than infection with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1). Cytokines and toxic small molecules ...

The anti-inflammatory effects and molecular mechanism of 6,8-diprenyl-7,4'-dihydroxyflavanone (DDF), one of the flavanones found in Sophora tonkinensis, were assessed in vitro through macrophage-mediated inflammation in the present study. The anti-inflammatory effects of DDF were not previously reported. DDF inhibited the production of nitric oxide and the expression of tumor necrosis factor α,...