Two new algal species, namely, Prasiola calophylla (Prasiolaceae), and Closterium navicula (Closteriaceae) were collected from west coasts of the Caspian sea (Mazandaran province, N Iran), and runoff in south Tehran, respectively. Both the species were analyzed on the bases of morphological and anatomical characters and were determined using identification keys and interspecific comparison. Pra...

Fungal symbioses are one of the key attributes of land plants. The twenty first century has witnessed the increasing use of molecular data complemented by cytological studies in understanding the nature of bryophyte-fungal associations and unravelling the early evolution of fungal symbioses at the foot of the land plant tree. Isolation and resynthesis experiments have shed considerable light on...

Phalaenopsis venosa Shim & Fowlie adalah anggrek endemik Sulawesi terancam punah sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya konservasi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui mikromorfologi dan media perkecambahan in vitro mendukung konservasi P. venosa. Biji dipanen pada enam bulan setelah penyerbukan disimpan di freezer suhu -4 °C selama sembilan bulan. Pengamatan menggunakan mikroskop cahaya OPTIKA M-69...

Early events 'in the vegetative development of higher land plants are difficult to investigate because the young embryo is encased in the ovarian tissue of the previous gametophytic and sporophytic generations. Recently, genetic approaches have succeeded in identifying mutations that alter early development (Jürgens, 1995; see also Laux and Jürgens, 1997, in this issue), but cellular and physio...

PtdIns-4,5-bisphosphate is a lipid messenger of eukaryotic cells that plays a critical role in processes such as cytoskeleton organization, intracellular vesicular trafficking, secretion, cell motility, regulation of ion channels and nuclear signalling pathways. The enzymes responsible for the synthesis of PtdIns(4,5)P₂ are phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinases (PIPKs). The moss Physcomitrella...

This paper offers the first taxonomic assessment of morphological and anatomical characters seeds 11 Hyacinthella taxa from Turkey, ten them are endemic, with cluster analysis principal component analysis. Macro-morphologically, all studied species can be differentiated each other by seed such as shape, size surface ornamentation. The separated into 5 shapes; triangularis, circularis, ellipticu...