BACKGROUND The causes of female infertility are multifactorial and necessitate comprehensive evaluation including physical examination, hormonal testing, and imaging. Given the associated psychological and financial stress that imaging can cause, infertility patients benefit from a structured and streamlined evaluation. The goal of such a work up is to evaluate the uterus, endometrium, and fall...

BACKGROUND In many developing countries, little is known about the prevalence of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections and complications, such as infertility, thus preventing any policy from being formulated regarding screening for C. trachomatis of patients at risk for infertility. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of C. trachomatis and evaluate the diagnost...

The work-up for secondary infertility—the inability to conceive after 1 year of regular unprotected intercourse for a couple who have previously had a child1—should include a history and physical exam for both patients, plus evaluation of ovulation, semen analysis, and imaging of the uterus and fallopian tubes (strength of recommendation [sor]: B, based on cohort studies). Check the male partne...

BACKGROUND Tubal infertility represents a large portion of female infertility. This study analyzed the pregnancy outcomes patients with tubal after laparoscopic treatment. A multivariate predictive analysis was also conducted. METHODS The clinical data 92 admitted in our hospital from March 2015 to 2018 were analyzed. According inclusion and exclusion criteria, 87 finally included, all treated ...

Chlamydia trachomatis can ascend from the cervix to the fallopian tubes and survive for long periods of time without causing symptoms. The immune response to infection clears the extracellular organisms but leads to development of a persistent intracellular infection. Repeated cycles of productive infection and persistence eventually induce tubal occlusion and infertility. Persistently infected...

OBJECTIVE To critically assess the evidence that appendiceal perforation is a risk factor for subsequent tubal infertility or ectopic pregnancy. DATA SOURCES Epidemiologic studies investigating the relationship between appendectomy and infertility or ectopic pregnancy were identified by searching the MEDLINE database from 1966 to 1997. Appropriate citations were also extracted from a manual s...

Background: Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is one of the imaging modality used in evaluating females presenting with complaints infertility. Infertility not just issue couples alone both extended family involved typical African environment, therefore it essential to identify possible causes and proffer solutions where possible.
 Aim: This study aimed at documenting indications findings among ...

BACKGROUND The study explores the relationship between serum chlamydia antibody titres (CATs) and detection of tubal damage in infertile women. METHODS The tubal status and pelvic findings in 1006 women undergoing laparoscopy for infertility were related to CAT, which was measured using the whole-cell inclusion immunofluorescence test. RESULTS A negative correlation between CAT and age was ...

BACKGROUND Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is the leading cause of maternal death during the first trimester of pregnancy. A better understanding of EP risk can help prevent its occurrence. We carried out a multi-center, large-sample, case-control study to evaluate the risk factors for EP in Shanghai, China. METHODS Women who were diagnosed with EP (n = 2411) and women with intrauterine pregnancies (n...

BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to test whether the use of sonography contrast could enhance the chance of spontaneous clinical pregnancy in women undergoing subfertility investigation. METHODS Couples with at least 1 year of infertility who were scheduled for a consultation including a hysterosalpingo contrast sonography (HyCoSy) were invited to participate in the study. We compared flus...