AIM We aimed to examine the distribution and activation of peripheral T cells in TTV positive (n = 32) and negative (n = 17) hemodialyzed patients. The control group (n = 20) consisted of healthy blood donors. METHOD TTV-DNA was detected by seminested PCR. CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD56, CD3/HLA-DR, CD3/CD69 and the Th1/Th2 ratio of T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Circulating IFN-gamma, I...

Zoonotic transmission and emergence of pathogens are serious threats to endangered populations of free-ranging primate species. Recent discovery of a nonpathogenic yet highly prevalent virus in human populations, TT virus (TTV), has prompted studies into the presence of this virus among captive individuals of other species of nonhuman primates. In this study, we screened captive primate species...

The purpose of this study was to describe the circulation of TTV and/or porcine pestivirus in commercial wean-to-finish populations. Oral fluid samples were collected from 10 wean-to-finish sites at 2week intervals from placement (3 weeks of age) to close-out. Testing for porcine pestivirus and TTV using PCR-based assays was performed on these samples. Among the 600 oral fluid samples tested, o...

TO THE EDITOR—We read with interest the recent article by Béland et al, detailing torque teno virus (TTV) kinetics in pediatric orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) recipients [1]. Interestingly, the authors show that TTV load increased with the number of immunosuppressive agents received. TTV viremia, which is normally at about 2 log10 in healthy subjects, has been shown to increase (up to 4 log1...

OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of TT virus (TMV) infection in a series of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, with or without benign (mixed cryoglobulinemia) or malignant (B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL)) lymphoproliferative disease. METHODS Sixty-six HCV patients were studied, including patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia (n=30), B-NHL (n=15), and no mixed cryog...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of tocilizumab (TCZ), an interleukin 6 receptor inhibitor, on humoral immune responses to immunisations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Patients with RA with inadequate response/intolerance to one or more anti-tumour necrosis factor-α agents were randomly assigned (2:1) to TCZ 8 mg/kg intravenously every 4 weeks plus methotrexate (MTX) or M...

BACKGROUND The safety of human serum albumin (HSA) is of special interest with respect to virus transmission because of the wide use of this blood product as a therapeutic agent and also, added to other products, as an excipient or a stabilizer. Conflicting data are reported concerning HSA contamination by small, naked viruses such as the erythrovirus B19 (B19V) and the anellovirus torquetenovi...