FTC Bureau of Economics working papers are preliminary materials circulated to stimulate discussion and critical comment. The analyses and conclusions set forth are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of other members of the Bureau of Economics, other Commission staff, or the Commission itself. Upon request, single copies of the paper will be provided. References in pu...

The study analyses the relevance of trade agreement between Colombia and European Union as a policy that promotes them (export import flows) and, subsequently, establishes its effectiveness in reducing deficit former. Furthermore, paper determinants flows parties, emphasizing effect factor endowment on their bilateral trade. We use panel data set from 2005 to 2019, wherein export countries are ...

A well-known theory (Lazear, 1979) argues that wage patterns in which younger workers are underpaid relative to marginal revenue product and older workers are overpaid relative to marginal revenue product can be understood as an implicit contract designed to combat principal-agent problems in environments where worker monitoring is costly. In this paper I argue that a number of recent developme...

Over the last few decades, countries belonging to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) all had to revise their intellectual property systems. These revisions resulted at first from bilateral pressure of major trading partners such as the US and EU, then from the WTO-TRIPS Agreement and more recently from bilateral Free Trade Agreements. To observe the IP developments in ASEAN over...

Intellectual Property rights are valuable trading assets in regional and global economic regulation debates, and in particular in World Trade Organisation negotiations. Since the TRIPs agreement merely refers to a limited number of Intellectual Property categories, the scope of obligations in relation to the national and most favoured nation treatment principles is increasingly obscured. The re...

The paper is devoted to the types and issues of non-conventional trademark protection. In order understand reasons for emergence such a category as ‘non-conventional trademark’, author studies history development. examines provisions main international treaties providing pays particular attention Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Singapore Treaty Law Tradem...

Introduction The relevance of the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement to developing countries has been widely discussed at international fora, particularly regarding the impact of pharmaceutical product patents. Product patents restrict the ability of local firms to manufacture copies of new drugs, possibly leading to less competition, higher drug prices, and...