A combination of neural networks and genetic algorithms has been used to design a TRIP assisted steel in which the silicon concentration is kept low. In this context, the steel has a novel microstructure consisting of d ferrite dendrites and a residual phase which at high temperatures is austenite. This austenite can, with appropriate heat treatment, evolve into a mixture of bainitic ferrite an...

One of the key issues for implementing congestion pricing is the pricing granularity (i.e. pricing interval or timescale). The Internet traffic is highly variant and hard to control without a mechanism that operates on very low time-scales, i.e. on the order of round-trip-times (RTTs). However, pricing naturally operates on very large timescales because of human involvement. Moreover, structure...

The effect of Polarisation Mode Dispersion (PMD) on the LO reference signal phase stability and power level has been an ongoing concern, but to date no definitive study of the effect has been made. The logical argument has been made that the effect should be negligible based upon a) the presence of a round-trip phase correction, b) an LO reference that uses only 1.2 nm of optical bandwidth and ...

A procedure is developed to model network traffic for planning applications in small and/or medium-sized communities with limited planning resources. The proposed method is based on the theories and assumptions of conventional four-step travel demand models, but the baseline trip table is estimated from existing traffic counts using path flow estimator PFE to render a quick response approach th...

Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) is a third-generation cellular network that enables high-speed mobile Internet access. This paper evaluates and compares the performance of two wellknown versions of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), namely, Vegas and Reno, in a UMTS environment. Bulk data transfer was considered in the simulation with varying radio channel conditions. We ass...

Predicting individual mobility of subway passengers in large crowding events is crucial for safety management and crowd control. However, most previous models focused on prediction under ordinary conditions. Here, we develop a passenger model, which also applicable to events. The developed model includes the trip-making part trip attribute part. For prediction, regularized logistic regression t...

Voice over IP (VoIP) is one of the advanced services supported by the next generation mobile communication. VoIP should support various media formats and terminals existing together. This heterogeneous environment may prevent diverse users from establishing VoIP sessions among them. To solve the problem an efficient media negotiation mechanism is required. In this paper, we propose the efficien...