Angiographic results in patients with mitral regurgitation suggest that up to 50% of the regurgitant volume occurs during the preejection period. This contrasts markedly with the electromagnetic measurements of mitral regurgitant flow in anesthetized dogs, which suggest that only 5% of mitral regurgitant flow occurs during the preejection period. Therefore, we used two-dimensional and Doppler e...

OBJECTIVE To compare Doppler, echocardiographic, and clinical variables in female and male patients with mitral stenosis. DESIGN Observational study in consecutive patients with mitral stenosis of cross sectional and Doppler echocardiographic and clinical variables and a retrospective search for a history of systemic embolism. SETTING A medical centre with 3000 beds, serving both urban and ...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate feasibility and accuracy of real-time 3-dimensional (3D) echocardiography for quantification of mitral regurgitation (MR), in a head-to-head comparison with velocity-encoded cardiac magnetic resonance (VE-CMR). BACKGROUND Accurate grading of MR severity is crucial for appropriate patient management but remains challenging. VE-CMR with 3D three-...

Purpose: To investigate the utility of MRI measurement of left atrial (LA) flow patterns and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) in patients with clinically significant mitral regurgitation. Materials and Methods: Three-dimensional cine phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI) data were acquired in five patients with posterior mitral leaflet prolapse and two normal volunteers. LA flow patterns were assessed usin...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study was to develop and validate an automated method for calculating regurgitant flow rate using color Doppler echocardiography. BACKGROUND The proximal flow convergence method is a promising approach to quantitate valvular regurgitation noninvasively because it allows one to calculate regurgitant flow rate and regurgitant orifice area; however, defining the loc...

AIMS Valvular heart disease (VHD), inducing valvular regurgitation, has been described in carcinoid heart disease and recently in Parkinson's patients treated with pergolide. The aim of this study was to develop an in vivo model of drug-induced valvulopathy with pergolide in rats. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty male Wistar rats were given daily injections of either pergolide (0.5 mg/kg intraperit...

Sixty patients with pulmonary regurgitation were studied by the pulsed Doppler technique combined with two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography. Patients with pulmonary regurgitation had abnormal Doppler signals just below the pulmonic valve in the right ventricular outflow tract in diastole on the two-dimensional image. These signals were considered to indicate the regurgitant flow. There a...

A 75-year-old man (Asian, Japanese) was readmitted for examination of a heart murmur and haemolytic anemia 3 months after mitral valve and tricuspid annuloplasties and coronary artery bypass. A new systolic murmur was heard, and echocardiography showed a high-velocity jet originating from the left ventricular outflow tract and extending to the right atrium, a small defect between the left ventr...

Continuous-wave Doppler echocardiography was used to estimate pulmonary artery pressures by measuring pulmonary regurgitant flow velocity in 21 patients with pulmonary hypertension (mean pulmonary artery pressure greater than or equal to 20 mm Hg) and 24 patients without pulmonary hypertension. The pulmonary regurgitant flow velocity patterns, characterized by a rapid rise in flow velocity imme...