The novel alternated dual task (ADT) arranged rats to learn T-maze spontaneous alternation task and radial arm maze (RAM) task alternatively, and by doing ADT, rats could acquire the tasks more easily than non alternated dual task (NADT) group. Also retention capacity of ADT group was significantly more and ADT help to learn a complex task faster than learning it in isolation from other tasks. ...

Post-traumatic epilepsy continues to be a major concern for those experiencing traumatic brain injury. Post-traumatic epilepsy accounts for 10-20% of epilepsy cases in the general population. While seizure prophylaxis can prevent early onset seizures, no available treatments effectively prevent late-onset seizure. Little is known about the progression of neural injury over time and how this inj...

Male mammary Paget's disease (MPD) is extremely rare. Furthermore, MPD with invasion downward into the dermis of the male nipple has been reported rarely. A 56-year-old Japanese man presented with a lump and eczema in the right nipple-areola area. Ultrasonography revealed only a cystic lesion below the right areola. With a diagnosis of MPD with invasion into the dermis associated with ductal ca...

Traumatic thoracic aortic injury is typically fatal. However, recent improvements in pre-hospital care and diagnostic modalities have resulted in an increased number of patients with traumatic aortic injury arriving alive at the hospital. Also, the morbidity and mortality associated with endovascular repair are significantly lower than with conventional open surgery in traumatic thoracic aorta ...

Case We report a case of post-traumatic hypopituitarism in a 9-year-old boy who was injured in a car accident. Outcome Post-traumatic hypopituitarism might be caused by moderate to severe head trauma, and while this possibility has recently drawn attention in adults, few reports are available regarding children. Our patient experienced head and facial injury, resulting in post-traumatic hypop...

Mevalonate pyrophosphate decarboxylase (MPD) is considered to be a cytosolic protein. Recently, other groups reported that MPD is mostly located in the peroxisomes. In this study, we examined whether the expression of MPD in mice depends on the proliferation of peroxisomes, and whether MPD is predominantly located in the peroxisomes or the cytosol of mice. No increase in the protein level of MP...

Dormancy breaking and germination requirements were determined for seeds of the eastern North American (eNA) species Sanicula canadensis, Sanicula gregaria and Sanicula trifoliata, and the data compared to those available for the European–Asian (EurA) congener Sanicula europaea. Seeds of the three eNA species had underdeveloped embryos that were physiologically dormant, i.e., morphophysiologica...

MPd (M = Co, or Cu) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by borane-amine reduction of metal acetylacetonates. The size of the MPd NPs was controlled at 3.5 nm and their compositions were tuned by the molar ratios of the metal precursors. These MPd NPs were active catalysts for electrochemical oxidation of formic acid and the Cu30Pd70 NPs showed the highest mass activity at 1192.9 A gPd(-1), muc...