Chlorophyll (Chl) b is non-fluorescent in utio as it transfers excitation energy with 100% efficiency to Chl a [l-3]. There is no record of Chl b fluorescence in viva. We show here, for the first time, that Chi b is slightly fluorescent in vivo (at 660-665 nm) when the cells are exposed to bright light, or treated with DCMU (see footnote*); this emission was uncovered when we compared the ratio...

20 The European green crab (Carcinus maenas) is a destructive marine invader that was first 21 discovered in Newfoundland waters in 2007 and has since become established in nearshore 22 ecosystems on the south and west coast of the island. Targeted fishing programs aimed at 23 removing green crabs from invaded Newfoundland ecosystems use Fukui traps, but the capture 24 efficiency of these traps...

The charge transfer efficiency of a CCD is based on the average level of signal lost per pixel over a number of transfers. This value can be used to directly compare the relative performances of different structures, increases in radiation damage or to quantify improvements in operating parameters. This number does not however give sufficient detail to mitigate for the actual signal loss/defere...

The charge transfer efficiency of a CCD is based on the average level of signal lost per pixel over a number of transfers. This value can be used to directly compare the relative performances of different structures, increases in radiation damage or to quantify improvements in operating parameters. This number does not however give sufficient detail to mitigate for the actual signal loss/defere...

The charge transfer efficiency of a CCD is based on the average level of signal lost per pixel over a number of transfers. This value can be used to directly compare the relative performances of different structures, increases in radiation damage or to quantify improvements in operating parameters. This number does not however give sufficient detail to mitigate for the actual signal loss/defere...

Health concerns over ultrafine (<100 nm) particles in the urban atmosphere have focused attention on measurement and control of particle number as well as mass. Gasoline-engined as well as diesel-engined vehicles are likely to be within the scope of future particulate matter (PM) emission regulations. As a potential option for after-treatment of PM emissions from gasoline engines, the trapping ...

Average trapping time (ATT) is central in the trapping problem since it is a key indicator characterizing the efficiency of the problem. Previous research has provided the scaling of a lower bound of the ATT for random walks in general networks with a deep trap. However, it is still not well understood in which networks this minimal scaling can be reached. Particularly, explicit quantitative re...

Promoterless gene trap vectors have been widely used for high-efficiency gene targeting and random mutagenesis in embryonic stem (ES) cells. Unfortunately, such vectors are only effective for genes expressed in ES cells and this has prompted the development of expression-independent vectors. These polyadenylation (poly A) trap vectors employ a splice donor to capture an endogenous gene's polyad...

BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the efficiency and practicality of seven trapping methods for adult phlebotominae sand flies. The results of this investigation provide information to determine the species composition and nocturnal activity pattern of different sand fly species. METHODS The study was carried out in both plain region (about 5km far from northeast) an...

In June 2002, pheromone-trapping techniques were used successfully to detect the presence of Chilo sacchariphagus Bojer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in sugarcane at Mafambisse and Marromeu sugar estates in Mozambique. Trap design, bait concentration, trap placement and moth flight activity were examined. A simple trap constructed from a 2-litre plastic bottle and baited with two commercial syntheti...