The transport requirements in modern society are becoming more and more important. Thus, offered transport services need to be more and more advanced and better designed to meet users demands. Important cost factors of many goods are transport costs. Therefore, a reduction of costs, a better adjustment of strategies to the demand as well as a better planning and scheduling of available resource...

A substantial part of the economic growth literature suggests that historically, geographic features such as decreasing trade costs have not only enhanced output, but may also be associated with rapid urbanization and ’growth take-offs’. However, this literature lacks an analytical motivation for lower transport costs, and assumes their decrease to obtain exogenously and at no cost: It thus doe...

Transportation economic evaluation quantifies and monetizes transport project’s benefits and costs. It can significantly influence planning decisions. This report critically examines conventional transport economic evaluation. It integrates two different but overlapping perspectives: planners interested in comprehensive and multi-modal transport system analysis and economists interested in econ...

this research aims to study the relationship between the components of quality costs and quality in company. the relationship between the components of quality costs and quality in company has been studied separately for materials, manpower, machinery, and whole of company. in this study, traditional method was used to collect quality costs and paf model was used to determine the components of ...