[1] In most climates on Earth, biological processes control soil N. In the Atacama Desert of Chile, aridity severely limits biology, and soils accumulate atmospheric NO3 . We examined this apparent transformation of the soil N cycle using a series of ancient Atacama Desert soils (>2 My) that vary in rainfall (21 to <2 mm yr ). With decreasing rainfall, soil organic C decreases to 0.3 kg C m 2 a...

This paper explains a methodology to study the transient and steady state behaviour of the feeding system in the sugar industry. The mathematical formulation of the system is done with the help of Markov method using mnemonic rule. The failure and repair rates of the subsystem are taken as constant. Availability in the transient state is evaluated with the help of matrix method using Cprogram. ...

In this paper, we model DCCP congestion control mechanism and RED as independent discrete-time systems using fluid-flow approximation. By interconnecting DCCP connections and RED routers, we model the entire network as a feedback system called DCCP/RED. We then analyze the steady state performance and the transient state performance of DCCP/RED. Specifically, we derive the packet transmission r...

We address the transient analysis of networks of queues with exponential service times. Such networks can easily have such a huge state space that their exact transient analysis is unfeasible. In this paper we propose an approximate transient analysis technique based on decomposing the queues of the network using a compact and approximate representation of the departure process of each queue. N...

On the basis of the state–space method (SSM), a novel linear mathematical model of the unsteady flow for the tailrace system with an open channel is proposed. This novel model is an elastic linearized model of water hammer. The validity of the model has been verified by several examples of numerical simulation, which are based on a finite difference technique. Then, the complete mathematical mo...

Long-lived, photoinduced transient dark states of fluorophores have a great potential for environmental sensing. Transient State (TRAST) Imaging based on time-modulated excitation has recently been shown to provide imaging of the kinetics and populations of these states in biological samples and has been realized for confocal, wide-field and total internal reflection microscopy settings. In thi...

It is well known that the Low-Voltage DC (LVDC) distribution system is a promising topology as a future smart distribution system due to its high efficiency and reliability. However, there are still some challenges in the construction and implementation of an LVDC system. For practical application of the LVDC system, therefore, it is necessary to perform any simulation in advance by considering...

This paper considers a nonstationary multiserver queuing model with abandonment and balking for inbound call centers. We present a continuous time Markov chain (CTMC) model which captures the important characteristics of an inbound call center and obtain a numerical solution for its transient state probabilities using uniformization method with steady-state detection.

Performance evaluation studies in manufacturing systems have traditionally considered models in which the arrival process and service process are time independent. Real-world manufacturing systems however, are subjected i o highly complex and usually tamedependent input workloads. This motivates the study of performance models of manufacturing systems under non-stationary conditions. In this pa...

A two-dimensional compressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) computational model has been developed to study the effect of gassing material on air arc behavior in low voltage circuit breaker. The properties of arc plasma and the electric, magnetic and radiative phenomena have been taken into account in the model. Based on the model, steady state solutions have been performed to study the effect of ...