Trip distribution is an important element of traffic impact analysis and is typically performed using expert judgment. Impacts are very sensitive to this step, and for large, mixed-use developments with many parcels, trip distribution can be very time consuming and potentially error prone. Regional trip distribution, on the other hand, is generally computed using a gravity model as part of a th...

This paper examines the impact of the Thailand-Australia Free Trade Agreement (TAFTA) on bilateral merchandise trade flows between Australia and Thailand. Using aggregated data, an augmented gravity model is estimated in an attempt to quantify the trade creation and/or diversion effects of the agreement. The model includes 178 countries and is estimated using panel data over the period 1998 to ...

The world food system is globalized and interconnected, in which trade plays an increasingly important role in facilitating food availability. We present a novel application of network analysis to domestic food flows within the USA, a country with global importance as a major agricultural producer and trade power. We find normal node degree distributions and Weibull node strength and betweennes...

This study is aimed to investigate the effects of trade policy uncertainty (T.P.U.) on flow 113 emerging economies and low-income developing countries 143 destination countries. It further investigates T.P.U. based income heterogeneity. Moreover, it considers between countries’ pair non-manufacture trade. The two-step Heckman sample selection model applied run structural gravity using three-yea...

Many recent international agreements sponsored by bodies such as the World Trade Organisation (WTO), aim to facilitate the global free flow of goods, services and capital, by opening markets under the threat of trade sanctions. Nation States signing such agreements, in particular the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), agree to suffer a sovereignty deficit in order to...

Hecksher-Ohlin model predicts that gains to trade should flow to abundant factors, which suggests that in developing countries, unskilled labor would benefit most from trade liberalization. The rising skill-premium in the US is often cited in support of standard trade theory. However, these predictions have been challenged by Cunat and Maffezzoli (2001) and Kremer and Maskin (2003). According t...

This article evaluates the extent to which the establishment of the Andean Free Trade Zone (AFTZ) has led to an improvement of intra-regional trade, as promised by open regionalism, without reducing extra-regional trade. Open regionalism is a dynamic process in which economic agreements serve as intermediate steps towards integration with the world economy. The calculations of ex post income el...