Ras interacts with many downstream effectors that regulate complex cytoplasmic signaling networks. In this issue, Gupta et al. (2007) use mouse models of Ras-mediated tumorigenesis to show that the interaction of Ras with a single isoform of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), called p110alpha (PIK3CA), is critical for tumor formation. This result will stimulate re-evaluation of pharmacologic...

SkyTran track must be incessantly supervised in order to prevent fatal crashes that can be happened due to damaged tracks. We suggest a safety tool for an incessant inspection of SkyTran tracks by employing an inexpensive digital camera generating JPEG pictures. An automatic analysis can indicates whether a track segment is damaged and if a damage track segment is detected by the automatic anal...

We use a support vector machine (SVM) to obtain a classifier that best discriminates ES and CS1. SVM requires a similarity matrix S as input. This matrix describes the pair-wise distance between all samples. In our case, the samples are the ES and CS1 targets xn. We compute similarity euclidean distance between two samples S(xm,xn) = ∑ f ∑i ∑ j(xm( f , i, j)− xn( f , i, j))2 where x( f , i, j) ...

Over the past decade, some residency programs in emergency medicine (EM) have implemented scholarly tracks into their curricula. The goal of the scholarly track is to identify a niche in which each trainee focuses his or her scholarly work during residency. The object of this paper is to discuss the current use, structure, and success of resident scholarly tracks. A working group of residency p...

The geographic distribution of life on Earth supports a general pattern of increase in biodiversity with increasing temperature. However, some previous analyses of the 540-million-year Phanerozoic fossil record found a contrary relationship, with paleodiversity declining when the planet warms. These contradictory findings are hard to reconcile theoretically. We analyze marine invertebrate biodi...

In this dissertation, we have developed computer vision methods for measurement of rail gauge, and reliable identification and localization of structural defects in railroad tracks. The rail gauge is the distance between the innermost sides of the two parallel steel rails. We have developed two methods for evaluation of rail gauge. These methods were designed for different hardware setups: the ...

Although the privacy threats and countermeasures associated with location data are well known, there has not been a thorough experiment to assess the effectiveness of either. We examine location data gathered from volunteer subjects to quantify how well four different algorithms can identify the subjects’ home locations and then their identities using a freely available, programmable Web search...

Longitudinal variations in the upper-tropospheric time-mean flow strongly modulate the structure and amplitude of upper-tropospheric eddies. This barotropic modulation is studied using simple models of wave propagation through zonally varying basic states that consist of contours separating regions of uniform barotropic potential vorticity. Such basic states represent in a simple manner the pot...