Thiopurines are clinically useful in the management of diverse immunological and malignant conditions. Nevertheless, these purine analogues can cause lethal myelosuppression, which may be prevented by prospective testing for variants in the thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) and, in East Asians, Nudix hydrolase 15 (NUDT15) genes. Two single-tube, tetra-primer amplification refractory mutatio...

Of 1614 Nordic children with ALL that were treated according to the NOPHO ALL92 protocol, 20 developed an SMN (cumulative risk at 12 years: 1.6%). Sixteen of the twenty SMNs were acute myeloid leukemias or myelodysplasias, and 9 of these had either monosomy 7 (n=7) or 7q deletions (n=2). In Cox multivariate analysis longer duration of oral MTX/6MP maintenance therapy (p=0.02; being longest for ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The thiopurines are widely used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, but are limited by poor dose-effect relationship. The objective was to assess the ability of a novel assay, determining the mono-, di-, and triphosphates, of thioguanine as well as methylthioinosine as individual metabolites in erythrocytes, to predict clinical outcome compared to a routine assay...

The family Flaviviridae comprises positive-strand RNA viral pathogens of humans and livestock with few treatment options. We have previously shown that azathioprine (AZA) has in vitro activity against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). While the mechanism of inhibition is unknown, AZA and related thiopurine nucleoside analogues have been used as immunosuppressants for decades and both AZA meta...

Most medications exhibit wide interpatient variability in their efficacy and toxicity. For many medications, these interindividual differences result in part from polymorphisms in genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes, drug transporters, and/or drug targets (eg, receptors, enzymes). Pharmacogenomics is a burgeoning field aimed at elucidating the genetic basis of differences in drug efficacy ...

In 1995 a report in the New England Journal of Medicine on medication use and risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/ toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) identified carbamazepine as a drug with a higher excess risk than most other drugs known to be associated with this severe muco-cutaneous drug reaction. Since then, pharmacogenomics (the study of the role of inherited and acquired genetic variation...

..................................................................................................................1 POPULÄRVETENSKAPLIG SAMMANFATTNING .............................................2 LIST OF PAPERS .........................................................................................................5 ABBREVIATIONS...................................................................

Interestingly, tpmt gene polymorphisms on the doorstep of personalized medicine commentary that you really wait for now is coming. It's significant to wait for the representative and beneficial books to read. Every book that is provided in better way and utterance will be expected by many peoples. Even you are a good reader or not, feeling to read this book will always appear when you find it. ...

Background and Aim: Sarcopenia is common in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD)and characterized by decline muscle mass, strength, physical performance often leads to poor clinical outcomes. We aimed determine the impact of sarcopenia assess on CLD patients. Methods: 107 consecutive were assessed clinically (hand grip chair stand test, gait speed test) radiologically (CT scan abdomen at L...

weight to a finding published a decade ago by the group at St Jude Children’s Research Hospital. That finding stated that patients with low TPMT activity receiving 6-MP in combination with radiotherapy have increased risk of SMNs.6 The paper leaves many questions unanswered. Whether this association is caused by 6-MP therapy alone or whether high-dose MTX given along with 6-MP in maintenance co...