Detection and identification of toxic environmental gases have assumed paramount importance precisely in the defense, industrial civilian security sector. Numerous methods been developed for sensing environment ever since surface acoustic wave (SAW) technology came into existence. Such SAW sensors called electronic nose (E-Nose) sensor use frequency response a delay line/resonator. device is fo...

Portable instrumentation has been developed to measure halogen acid gases inside and around armored vehicles during fire suppression tests at Aberdeen Proving Ground. This technology is used to troubleshoot for leaks, conduct area sampling, and measure occupational exposure levels of toxic gases in air. A continuous denuder extracts the gases into an aqueous medium containing the appropriate io...

Exploring the mysteries of universe, transporting people over longer distances in safest way, providing energy to a growing global population, and facing environmental changes are among major challenges that will face humanity coming decades: Satellite observations have become essential monitoring ecological health Earth, but they require space launches raise paradox greenhouse toxic gases reje...

The paper introduces the integration of conformal paper-based RFID’s with a Single Walled Carbon Nanotube (SW-CNT) composite for the development of a chipless RFID-enabled wireless sensor node for toxic gas detection and breathing-gas-content estimation. The electrical performance of the inkjet-printed SWCNT-based ultra-sensitive sensor if reported up to 1GHz. The whole module is realized by in...

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) implemented a program to identify tailpipe emissions of criteria and air-toxic contaminants from in-use, light-duty low-emission vehicles (LEVs). EPA recruited 25 LEVs in 2002 and measured emissions on a chassis dynamometer using the cold-start urban dynamometer driving schedule of the Federal Test Procedure. The emissions measured included regulat...

mold powders in continuous casting of steel contain fluorine through mainly caf2 and occasionally naf andna3alf6. fluorine develops dangerous gases such as sif4 and hf at high temperatures. in this study, caf2 is partly replaced by substances such as na2co3, zno and fe2o3.sulfur free portland cement clinker containing gypsum was used as a new product base. these additions developed comparable v...

While the harmful health effects of carbon monoxide, nicotine, tar, irritants and other noxious gases that are present in tobacco smoke are well known, those due to heavy metals and other toxic mineral elements in tobacco smoke are not sufficiently emphasized. Tobacco smoking influences the concentrations of several elements in some organs. This review summarizes the known effects of some trace...

Several accidental events that occurred in chemical and process plants in the last decades evidenced that floods may cause severe damages to process plants and storage sites, resulting in multiple and extended releases of hazardous substances. Moreover, besides conventional release scenarios (fires, explosions and toxic clouds), floods may cause two further critical events: significant environm...