background: the dosimetric parameters required in lung cancer radiation therapy are taken from a homogeneous water phantom; however, during treatment, the expected results are being affected because of its inhomogeneity. therefore, it becomes necessary to quantify these deviations. objective: the present study has been undertaken to find out inter- and intra- lung density variations and its dos...

introduction spect projections are contaminated by scatter radiation, resulting in reduced image contrast and quantitative errors. backscatter constitutes a major part of the scatter contamination in lower energy windows. the current study is an evaluation of the effect of backscatter material on fwhm and image quality investigated by monte carlo simulation. materials and methods simind program...

This paper is addressed to the numerical solving of the rendering equation in realistic image creation. The rendering equation is integral equation describing the light propagation in a scene accordingly to a given illumination model. The used illumination model determines the kernel of the equation under consideration. Nowadays, widely used are the Monte Carlo methods for solving the rendering...

A theoretical analysis of the Monte Carlo method for steady-state semiconductor device simulation, also known as the single-particle Monte Carlo method, is presented. At the outset of the formal treatment is the stationary Boltzmann equation supplemented by boundary conditions, which is transformed into an integral equation. The conjugate equation has been formulated in order to develop forward...

Preliminary studies of semileptonic II, + decays have been made. The analysis relies on a large sample (z 106) of tagged hadronic II: events. The Monte Carlo study involved specific decay channels, IIt t $e+v, and 0: + K’e+.e, at a center-of-mass energy of 4.03 GeV. Background events due to other IJ$ modes and to Do and LI+ decays are examined. The possibility of signal reconstruction at a cent...

3D iterative reconstruction of Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) acquisitions is a widely used but computationaly intensive process. Reconstructing data from a rotating slat collimated system increases the computation time even further. Since the sensitivity profile of such a camera is not constant over the field of view, it is important to include a system model that is as acc...

The state of art of positron emission tomography (PET) takes into account the accidental coincidence events and attenuation. The maximum likelihood estimator can handle this kind of random variation in the reconstruction of a PET image. However, the reconstruction is ill-posed and needs regularization. The boundary information, either from an expert or from the other medical modality of the sam...