To gain insight into the neural basis of visual attention we combined transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and event related potentials (ERP) during a visual search task. Single-pulse TMS over right posterior parietal cortex (rPPC) delayed response times to targets during conjunction search, and this behavioural effect had a direct ERP correlate. The early phase of the N2pc component that re...

Introduction Paired-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) can be used to study cortical excitability. Short interstimulus intervals (ISIs; 1-4 ms) inhibit while longer ISIs (615 ms) facilitate motor evoked potentials (MEPs) induced by the TMS test pulse to the primary motor cortex [1]. Recently, the feasibility of interleaving TMS with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was de...

This study explored in humans the role of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) in saccades, vergence, and combined saccade-vergence movements by means of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). TMS was applied to the right PPC at 80 ms, 90 ms, or 100 ms after target onset in experiment 1, and to the left PPC in experiment 2. Control experiments were also run in which TMS was applied over the pr...

BACKGROUND The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is an anatomically and functionally heterogeneous area which influences cognitive and limbic processing through connectivity to subcortical targets. As proposed by Alexander et al. (1986) the lateral and medial aspects of the PFC project to distinct areas of the striatum in parallel but functionally distinct circuits. The purpose of this preliminary study ...

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that allows for in vivo examination of cortical processes. In 1985, Barker et al. introduced TMS as a tool for investigating the functional state of the motor pathways in patients with neurological disorders as well as in healthy human subjects (Barker et al., 1985). It was shown that a single TMS pulse applie...

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been used to document some apparent interhemispheric influences behaviorally, with TMS over the right parietal cortex reported to enhance processing of touch for the ipsilateral right hand (Seyal et al., 1995). However, the neural bases of such apparent interhemispheric influences from TMS remain unknown. Here, we studied this directly by combining TM...

The facial nerve can be stimulated in its intracranial course through transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). We studied the site of impulse generation produced by TMS by comparing the latencies of the muscle evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited with TMS and intracranial electrical stimulation (IES) of the facial nerve during neurosurgical posterior fossa procedures. In a series of 25 patients, t...

Globular protein thermostability is characterized the cold denaturation, maximal stability (Tms) and heat denaturation temperatures. For mesophilic globular proteins, Tms typically ranges from -25 degrees C to +35 degrees C. We show that the indirect estimate of Tms from calorimetry and the direct estimate from chemical denaturation performed in a range of temperatures are in close agreement. T...

OBJECTIVE Correlate the occurrence of falls and the activity of rolling over in bed with performance on the Trunk Mobility Scale (TMS) in patients with PD, and determine whether this instrument score can predict the risk of falls. METHOD This is a cross-sectional study. Assessed patients reported the frequency of falls in the previous year and whether they had difficulties rolling over in bed...

BACKGROUND Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)is a treatment for major depressive disorder that is otherwise resistant to treatment. Although world-leading research in TMS has been conducted in Australia, where it has had some availability for two decades, there is limited familiarity with the treatment in the general medical community. Availability, however, is increasing. OBJECTIVE The ...