Traditional real-time computing concepts and techniques are focused on static, synchronous, relatively small-scale, mostly centralized, device-level subsystems. Many real-time systems, particularly distributed ones, are relatively largescale, above the device level, and at least partially dynamic and asynchronous. We call such systems “mesosynchronous.” For example, mesosynchronous systems ofte...

Several adaptation approaches have been devised to ensure end-to-end quality-of-service (QoS) for enterprise distributed systems in dynamic operating environments. Not all approaches are applicable, however, for the stringent accuracy, timeliness, and development complexity requirements of distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) systems. This paper empirically evaluates constant-time supervise...

Rapid detection, reporting, and response to an infectious disease outbreak are critical to prevent localized health events from emerging as pandemic threats. Metrics to evaluate the timeliness of these critical activities, however, are lacking. Easily understood and comparable measures for tracking progress and encouraging investment in rapid detection, reporting, and response are sorely needed...

Jaspers' thinking is motivated by transcending reason, radical time-consciousness, and the phenomenon of spiritual creativity and value-directedness. The fundamental question of truth for time-bound man is at the core of Jaspers' thinking, which he takes up with respect to mankind's age-old experience with the tradition of philosophical, religious, and literary thought. His works attain signifi...

In the Internet Age, many new services are being created everyday, some of which will require real-time support, e.g. voice over IP, videoconference, remote monitoring of control processes, streaming services. To fulfil the requirements of such services, proper Quality-of-Service control mechanisms must be used either by transit networks as well as by access networks. In the first case, there a...

We read with great interest the report by Gueugniaud and coworkers [1] on the role of combined vasopressin and epinephrine during advanced cardiac life support for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The authors conclude that the combination does not improve outcome. In some of our previous studies [2,3] we identified improvements in restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and/or survival and...

BACKGROUND Emergency department (ED) delays have multiple causes and create frustration for patients and staff alike. METHODS New adult psychiatric ED consultations were studied. Elapsed time between workflow stages was tested as a predictor of total time from triage to disposition. To expedite interviews a one-page form was provided for interested patients to complete before psychiatric eval...

Rate measurements are required for many purposes, e.g. for system analysis and modelling or for live systems that react to measurements. For off-line measurement all data is available in advance. Here, time delay between data collection and data analysis is not an issue. On-line measurement, however, measures rates on the fly. Thus, measurement algorithms that provide their output as timely as ...