Aqueous-organic mixtures can be used to lower freezing points in the study of some enzymic reactions at subzero temperatures. It is necessary to work at suitable ionic strengths and protonic activities and to know how these parameters vary with temperature. This paper deals with the provision of a controlled ionic environment and indicates how to obtain a desired ionic content in order to study...

The kinetics of acrylic acid (AA) solution polymerization was investigated by polymerizing 30 wt % aqueous AA solutions at pH values ranging from 2.2 to 9.9. The polymerization rate was determined with differential photocalorimetry and was found to be a strong function of the solution pH and the ionic strength. Although the polymerization rate decreased with increasing pH below pH 6.5, an incre...

A major limitation of on-water catalysis has been the need for liquid reactants to enable emulsification. We demonstrate that ionic liquids are compatible with on-water catalysis, enabling on-water catalysed reactions for otherwise unreactive solid-solid systems. The unique solvation properties of ionic liquids dramatically expands the scope of on-water catalysis.

Quantitative studies of complex formation from the determination of stability constants of the binary complexes of metal (II)/(III)alizarin and also the mixed complexes of metal (II)/(III)alizarin-NTA have been described using paper electrophoretic technique. The stability constant of metal-(II)/(III)-alizarin are found to be 105.14, 104.84, 104.44 and 104.14 and mixed complexes of metal (II)/(...

An interlaboratory test of pH measurements in rainwater has been conducted. Various types of electrodes and junction materials were used in this test. The results· of this exercise verify that there are significant differences in the pH values of low ionic strength solutions reported by various laboratories. Other work suggests that these differences are due to residual liquid junction potentia...