Investigating the longitudinal optical conductivity of graphene systems, which is the mostimportant property for opto-electronic devices, for three-layer graphene systems theoretically and numerically is the main purpose of this study. Each layer can be mono- or bi-layer graphene. Separation between layers has been denoted by d, selected to be about ten nanometers. The carrier densities i...

The safety and efficacy of three-layer (3L) tubular bandaging as a treatment for venous ulcer healing has not been evaluated despite its use in many clinical settings to treat people with venous leg ulcers. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of 3L tubular bandage compared with short-stretch compression bandage to heal venous ulcers in a multicenter, open-label, parallel-group, randomized cont...

Back-propagation with gradient method is the most popular learning algorithm for feed-forward neural networks. However, it is critical to determine a proper fixed learning rate for the algorithm. In this paper, an optimized recursive algorithm is presented for online learning based on matrix operation and optimization methods analytically, which can avoid the trouble to select a proper learning...

Especially in robotic applications with hardly accessible and unknown environments like deep-sea or space missions, two requirements are given: First, the robotic systems need to work reliably and, second, an autonomous operation would increase the efficiency a lot. While the demand for a reliable system behaviour could be satisfied through predefined and tested plans and models, the unknown en...

In many clinical decision support systems, a two-layer knowledge base model (disease-symptom) of rule reasoning is used. This model often does not express knowledge very well since it simply infers disease from the presence of certain symptoms. In this study, we propose a three-layer knowledge base model (disease-symptom-property) to utilize more useful information in inference. The system iter...

A stable three-layer flow system, water/organic solvent/water, has been successfully applied for the first time in a microchannel to get rapid transport through an organic liquid membrane. In the continuous laminar flow region, the analyte (methyl red) was rapidly extracted across the microchannel from the donor to the acceptor phase through the organic solvent phase (cyclohexane). Thermal lens...

This paper proposes a post-editing model in which our three-level rule-based automatic post-editing engine called Grafix is presented to refine the output of machine translation systems. The type of corrections on sentences varies from lexical transformation to complex syntactical rearrangement. The experimental results both in manual and automatic evaluations show that the proposed system is a...

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) systems currently are focusing on classifying emotions on each single language. Since optimal acoustic sets are strongly language dependent, to achieve a generalized SER system working for multiple languages, issues of selection of common features and retraining are still challenging. In this paper, we therefore present a SER system in a multilingual scenario fr...