Valyl-tRNA synthetase (ValRS) strictly discriminates the cognate L-valine from the larger L-isoleucine and the isosteric L-threonine by the tRNA-dependent "double sieve" mechanism. In this study, we determined the 2.9 A crystal structure of a complex of Thermus thermophilus ValRS, tRNA(Val), and an analog of the Val-adenylate intermediate. The analog is bound in a pocket, where Pro(41) allows a...

OBJECTIVES We aimed first to summarise minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) after total hip (THR) or knee replacement (TKR) in health-related quality of life (HRQoL), measured using the Short-Form 36 (SF-36). Secondly, we aimed to improve the precision of MCID estimates by means of meta-analysis. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of English and non-English articles using ME...

NSP-interacting kinase (NIK1) is a receptor-like kinase identified as a virulence target of the begomovirus nuclear shuttle protein (NSP). We found that NIK1 undergoes a stepwise pattern of phosphorylation within its activation-loop domain (A-loop) with distinct roles for different threonine residues. Mutations at Thr-474 or Thr-468 impaired autophosphorylation and were defective for kinase act...

Considering different orientation of hydroxyl and thiol groups of receptor residues such as Thr, Tyr, Ser and Cys is an option available on Glide docking software. This is an attempt that can provide more realistic ligand-receptor interactions. Matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) is a suggested target for several diseases including osteoarthritis and cancer. MMP-13 was selected as a receptor w...

To investigate the total effect of smoking on total hip or knee replacement (THR/TKR) due to primary osteoarthritis (OA) and to quantify the indirect effect of smoking through body mass index (BMI). Participants from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (the HUNT Study) were linked to the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register to detect the first THR or TKR due to primary OA. A mediation analysis was used ...

In C4 plants, pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) activity is tightly dark/light regulated by reversible phosphorylation of an active-site threonine (Thr) residue; this process is catalyzed by PPDK regulatory protein (PDRP). Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of PPDK lead to its inactivation and activation, respectively. Here, we show that light intensity rather than the light/dark trans...

Essential meiotic endonuclease 1 homolog 1 (EME1) is a key DNA repair protein that participates in the recognition and repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Deficiency of the EME1 gene can lead to spontaneous genomic instability and thus contribute to tumorgenesis. We hypothesized that the exon variants of EME1 confer genetic susceptibility to breast cancer. In a case-control study of 748 breast ...

In higher plants, O-phosphohomoserine (OPH) represents a branch point between the methionine (Met) and threonine (Thr) biosynthetic pathways. It is believed that the enzymes Thr synthase (TS) and cystathionine gamma-synthase (CGS) actively compete for the OPH substrate for Thr and Met biosynthesis, respectively. We have isolated a mutant of Arabidopsis, designated mto2-1, that over-accumulates ...

In the search for selective and long-acting analogs of somatostatin, nearly 200 compounds were synthesized by solid-phase methods, purified, and tested biologically. Among these octapeptides, some contained N-terminal (Formula: see text) were 177 times and 113 times more potent, respectively, than somatostatin in tests for inhibition of growth hormone release. These two octapeptides containing ...

PURPOSE To assess the consent process for elective primary total hip replacement (THR) and total knee replacement (TKR) in our hospital. METHODS Consent processes of 47 THR and 53 TKR patients performed by 11 surgeons were reviewed. Complications that were documented were recorded, as was the grade of surgeon (consultant or specialist trainee) performing consent, and the location at which thi...