BACKGROUND Sevoflurane anesthesia commonly causes emergence agitation (EA) in children. One previous study has reported that the use of nitrous oxide (N2O) during the washout of sevoflurane may reduce EA by decreasing the residual sevoflurane concentration, while many animal studies suggest that N2O poses a potential risk to children. The present study was designed to compare EA in children ass...

Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) is the reaction product between nitric oxide and the superoxide anion. It is a biological oxidant and cytotoxic anion, produced in vivo, which might cause inflammation and damage to the lungs. This study was designed to investigate whether direct contact with peroxynitrite could cause pathological changes in the airways. Twenty New Zealand rabbits were divided into four ex...

Anesthetics depress the autonomic nervous system. The effects of thiopental and propofol on heart rate variability (HRV) during fentanyl-based induction of general anesthesia were studied in one hundred patients. We observed different effects of fentanyl, thiopental and propofol on HRV. Fentanyl decreased total power of HRV and low frequency power (LF), but not high frequency power (HF), indica...

This study investigated the cost of propofol versus thiopental anesthesia in 243 patients who underwent outpatient laparoscopic gynecologic surgery. Patients records were analyzed for medication use, duration of surgery, anesthesia, recovery room stay, and associated costs. Despite the higher drug cost for propofol, the total mean cost was $273.00 less per patient for patients receiving propofo...

The case of Brase v Rees was presented before the US Supreme Court to consider the constitutionality of death by lethal injection as practiced in the state of Kentucky. The 3-drug combination of sodium thiopental, pancuronium bromide, and potassium chloride is a key aspect in question. Capital punishment conflicts with medical and nursing code of ethics preventing providers who are skilled at d...

BACKGROUND Rocuronium causes pain and withdrawal movement during induction of anesthesia. In this study, palonosetron was investigated to have analgesic effect on the reduction of rocuronium-induced withdrawal movement. METHODS 120 patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups to receive either saline, lidocaine 20mg, or palonosetron 0.075mg with a tourniquet applied two minutes befo...

The purpose of these studies is to better understand the nature of the reflex interactions that control the discharge patterns of caudal medullary, expiratory (E) bulbospinal neurons. We examined the effect of central chemodrive inputs measured as arterial CO(2) tension (Pa(CO(2))) during hyperoxia on the excitatory and inhibitory components of the lung inflation responses of these neurons in t...

Introduction A case report of an 50 years old patient which started 14 years ago , with an severe onset – glotic edema with anaphylaxis, after a second intake of Rocephin (Sodium Ceftriaxone) and also due to an emotional distress and associated with a malfunction of the thyroid status. He develops within a 3 year period of time a multiple drug hypersensitivity syndrome to beta lactam and non be...

The present study was designed to investigate sedative and anxiolytic properties of the four different fractions (chloroform, pet ether, n-butanol and hydromethanol soluble fractions, coded as CFCB, PECB, NBCB and HMCB, respectively) of the aerial parts of Commelina benghalensis using rodent behavioral models, such as hole cross, open field and thiopental sodium induced sleeping time tests ...