The Department of Homeland Security's Office of Cyber and Infrastructure Analysis (DHS/OCIA) produces Infrastructure Risk Assessments to provide an assessment of emerging risks to critical infrastructure. As technology pervades into our everyday lives, once simple devices have become smarter and more interconnected to the world around us. This technology is transforming our cities into what are...

the cities are home to half of the people who live on the planet earth. they stimulate economic growth and cultural prosperity, but they are also the center of pollution and poverty. therefore, the livability of cities, in particular urban distressed areas, has always been one of the issues and challenges facing thinkers in different fields of urban management. however, the planning to improve ...

In its most basic form, the spatial capital of a neighborhood entails that most aspects of daily life are located close at hand. Urban planning researchers have widely recognized its importance, not least because it can be transformed in other forms of capital such as economical capital (e.g., house prices, retail sales) and social capital (e.g., neighborhood cohesion). Researchers have already...