Exposure to stressors often alters the subsequent responsiveness of many systems. The present study tested whether prior exposure to inescapable tailshock (IS) alters the corticosterone (CORT) or adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) response to either an injection of bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS) or subsequent placement on a pedestal. Rats were exposed to IS or remained as home ca...

UNLABELLED Remodeling of the host cytoskeleton is a common strategy employed by bacterial pathogens. Although there is vigorous investigation of the cell biology underlying these bacterially mediated cytoskeleton modifications, knowledge of the plasticity and dynamics of the bacterial signaling networks that regulate the expression of genes necessary for these phenotypes is lacking. Enterohemor...

We measured contrast detection thresholds for a small (3.6 x 3.6 arc min) square target in the presence and absence of spatially identical pedestal stimuli, and of a spatially non-overlapping inducing line (3.6 x 23 arc min). Results for the pedestal stimuli replicated the classical "dipper function", thresholds being reduced by near-threshold pedestals and increased at higher pedestal contrast...

the archaeologists have studied the historical structures and ancient monuments from different perspectives they sometimes survey them in terms of their periods and they also investigate their way of construction on the basis of various techniques. they can reconstruct the beliefs, rites and rituals, customs, artistic attitudes, ... of the people who built these monuments. in this research it h...

This essay responds to D. Davis and W. C. Follette (2002), who question the value of motive evidence in murder cases. They argue that the evidence that a husband had extramarital affairs, that he heavily insured his wife's life, or that he battered his wife is ordinarily of infinitesimal probative value. We disagree. To be sure, it would be foolish to predict solely on the basis of such evidenc...

The goal of this study was to compare luminance contrast discrimination and polarity identification in the inferred Parvocellular (PC-) and Magnocellular (MC-) pathways. The position identification task tested ability to locate a contrast change within a stimulus. The polarity identification task tested ability to classify the contrast change as either brighter or darker. Three paradigms were e...

Plasma equilibria reconstructed from the Mega-Amp Spherical Tokamak have sufficient resolution to capture plasma evolution during the short period between edge-localized modes (ELMs). Immediately after the ELM, steep gradients in pressure, P, and density, n(e), form pedestals close to the separatrix, and they then expand into the core. Local gyrokinetic analysis over the ELM cycle reveals the d...