The relationship between the Tibetan prelate Tāranātha (1575-1634) and his major patrons, the various sDe pa of gTsang is a most complex one. In studying it I am increasingly aware that the wealth of detail to be gleaned from the various relevant texts is not just limited to the narrow study of the lives of just a few people, in this case those of Tāranātha and the various rulers of gTsang. Ind...

The project-based learning using design thinking model via metaverse to enhance Buddhism innovators is integrating and processes. Besides, technology in the virtual world promotes activities. focused on allowing learners study independently with instructors as counselors facilitating encourage innovators, spread by organizing activities a environment. This research aims create results of develo...

We study an environment where a duopoly develops innovations that build on one another. The quality of innovations is private information, so optimal rewards take the form of rights to produce the resulting products. There is a tradeo between encouraging one rm to work on its innovations by granting it promised rights, and the fact that those rights deteriorate the rights of its competitors. We...

This technical report describes an exploratory analysis of a community of innovators who indirectly contributed to the design of del.icio.us, a system for social tagging. Participants in this community, which is mediated primarily by an e-mail listserv and guided by a de-facto moderator, envision and reflect upon systems for social tagging. The analysis of a sample of messages shows that partic...

The success of an innovating firm often depends on the efforts of other innovators in its environment. How do the challenges faced by external innovators affect the focal firm’s outcomes? To address this question we first characterize the external environment according to the structure of interdependence. We follow the flow of inputs and outputs in the ecosystem to distinguish between upstream ...

In this work, we attempt to associate firm characteristics with innovative activity. We collect microdata from listed firms of selected Eurozone Country-members, after the beginning of 2007 financial crisis. The following literature, several indicators of growth and performance were selected and tested for their ability to interpret innovative activity. The main scope is to examine the possible...

In many organisations (e.g. IDEO, Nissan, Chaparral Steel) the ability to be innovative and first to the market is their key to success and even survival. Finding and retaining creative minds is difficult, as innovators often become entrepreneurs of their own companies. Current recruitment techniques include the use of psychometric instruments (such as the KAI inventory and Myer-Briggs), role-p...

Research summary The transaction costs logic suggests that innovators cannot gain value from incumbents' unconditional termination rights in their RD yet, innovators' gains them depend on the likelihood of opportunistic uses by incumbents at exercises. The tests biopharmaceutical R&D alliances setting support our hypotheses. Managerial summary Incumbents form with to explore new technologi...

Motivated in part by the rising interest on social innovation, and also by the emergence of the networked social movements such as the Spanish ‘indignados’ and the ‘Occupy Wall Street’, the focus of this essay are the ‘social hackers’: innovators (or groups of innovators) which combine the technical skills of hackers with the civic or political orientation of social innovators. Hackers, working...

Innovators' personal experience and social networks may affect their familiarity with customer needs, in turn the types of products they bring to market. Consistent this channel, we document that innovators create are more likely be purchased by customers similar them along observable dimensions including gender, age, socio-economic status. With scanner data a new phone applications database, f...