this study focuses on the optimization of the plane structure. sequential quadratic programming (sqp) will be utilized, which is one of the most efficient methods for solving nonlinearly constrained optimization problems. a new formulation for the second order sensitivity analysis of the two-dimensional finite element will be developed. all the second order required derivatives will be calculat...

Many researchers content themselves with the 2D simulation of welding process instead of the 3D simulation, because of the time and the cost factors of the latter. In this research, the number of elements and nodes are reduced by an initiative plan (defining an equivalent model) for the simulation of welding. The welding process has been simulated by an uncoupled thermal-mechanical finite eleme...

the built up layer thickness in secondary deformation zone is one of the important parameters in metal cutting process. the built up layer (bul) is formed in second deformation zone near the tool-chip interface in the back of the chip. this parameter influences the tool life and machined surface quality. this bul should not be confused with the built up edge (bue). the deformation of the bul in...

Suppose that  is a finite group. Then the set of all prime divisors of  is denoted by  and the set of element orders of  is denoted by . Suppose that . Then the number of elements of order  in  is denoted by  and the sizes of the set of elements with the same order is denoted by ; that is, . In this paper, we prove that if  is a group such that , where , then . Here  denotes the family of Suzuk...

We presented a family of finite elements that use a polynomial space augmented by certain matrix bubbles in [Math. Comp., 79 (2010), 1331–1349]. In this sequel, we exhibit a second family of elements that use the same matrix bubble. This second element uses a stress space smaller than the first, while maintaining the same space for rotations (which are the Lagrange multipliers corresponding to ...

Denote by G a finite group and let ? ( ) denote the sum of element orders in . In 2009, H. Amiri, S.M. Jafarian Amiri I.M. Isaacs proved that if | = n is non-cyclic, then < C , where denotes cyclic order 2018 we non-cyclic ? 7 11 equality holds 4 k with 2 1 × this paper only are as indicated above. Moreover following generalization result: Theorem Let be q being least prime divisor Then ? + 5 N...

In the Arrow-Debreu model of an intertemporal economy with a continuum of agents, suppose that the auctioneer sets prices while the government institutes optimal lump-sum transfers period by period. An earlier paper showed how subgame imperfections arise because agents understand how current decisions such as those determining investment will influence future lump-sum transfers. This observatio...