The relationship between the Tibetan prelate Tāranātha (1575-1634) and his major patrons, the various sDe pa of gTsang is a most complex one. In studying it I am increasingly aware that the wealth of detail to be gleaned from the various relevant texts is not just limited to the narrow study of the lives of just a few people, in this case those of Tāranātha and the various rulers of gTsang. Ind...

Using Models to Integrate Theory and Research Kurt W . Fischer & Theo L. Dawson Relating Efficiency, Memory, and Structure .................................................................................. 2 Developmental Rulers ................................................................................................................... 3 Using Models of Development .........................

Between the 780s and 840s episcopal see of Verona was held by bishops coming from beyond Alps, appointed Carolingian rulers charged with control over a prestigious strategically key bishopric. They were called upon to boost communications between local elites political social machinery world. In order achieve that, they first had negotiate their own integration in new field action, be acknowled...

The Opium Wars of 1839 to 1842 and 1856 to 1860 marked a new stage in China’s relations with the West. China’s military defeats in these wars forced its rulers to sign treaties opening many ports to foreign trade. The restrictions imposed under the Canton system were abolished. Opium, despite imperial prohibitions, now became a regular item of trade. As opium flooded into China, its price dropp...

We study how cultural distance affects the rejection of imposed institutions. To this purpose, we exploit the transplantation of Piedmontese institutions on Southern Italy which occurred during the Italian unification. We assemble a novel and unique dataset containing information on episodes of brigandage, a form of violent uprising against the unitary government, at the municipal level. We use...

We perform a comprehensive theoretical and empirical study of the benefits of singleton consistencies. Our theoretical results help place singleton consistencies within the hierarchy of local consistencies. To determine the practical value of these theoretical results, we measured the cost-effectiveness of pre-processing with singleton consistency algorithms. Our experiments use both random and...